: The « Communauté de travail des villes alpines » (Working Community of Alpine Cities) like other organisations, bears witness to a policy of international agreements which have helped create an alpine identity. An analysis of the treatise of this organisation seeks to reveal the role of such an identity in the actions of towns. The analysis shows the strategic value of a town being « alpine ». It also reveals how the designation « alpine town » is associated with a relatively weak common representation but that it is used as an argument in claims for power which are expressed at several levels. At a more general scale, such an alliance, founded on common roots, also provides a platform on which the elements of an alpine identity can be developed through political ac-
New Inhabitants in a Medium Mountain District This article deals with a medium mountain area with a strong rural identity which has witnessed important migrant waves for about ten years. In their imagination the newcomers project their wishes on the territory which welcomes them. The local surroundings, through what they come to symbolize, then constitute the setting in which they look for their identity. The specificities of the territory take on a new significance. However their preservation proves necessary to answer the expectations of the new inhabitants. By participating in the restructuration of local territories, the latter make the creation of a new territoriality possible.
Le passage dans les Alpes est analysé dans une perspective pluri-disciplinaire associant des approches historiennes, géographiques et linguistiques. Il est examiné au travers de situations historiques conflictuelles différentes, mais dont le rapprochement révèle certaines des relations entre circulation et territoire. L’opposition se marque par des blocages de la circulation, qui prend la forme de barricades (contre les troupes françaises aux xvie et xviie siècles, dans le contrôle de la peste au xviiie siècle), ou d’idéologies, qu’expriment les discours politiques ou philosophiques (positions de Ruskin sur le chemin de fer dans les Alpes, contestation actuelle de la ligne grande vitesse Lyon-Turin). Ces situations montrent que le conflit entre passage et territoire relève d’un conflit de pouvoir entre le niveau local traversé et les espaces dominants englobants qui sont ceux de la circulation. L’opposition au passage marque ainsi une volonté de réappropriation du territoire local.
Aquitaine/Euskai/ Navarre a euro-region, a rising cross-border space ?. The European Community, having decided to build a large and henceforward continuous space, acted at two levels. At the juridical, compulsory and institutional one, the borders between the member countries were deleted. On the other hand, these countries were financially encouraged to cooperate by means of a crossborder cooperation program (INTERREG). In this context, this paper deals with the building of the « eurorégion Aquitaine Euskadi Navarre » and the collaboration resulting from this european policy : what are the limits, the polarization, the extent and the hardcore of this new crossborder space ? In other words, we propose geography of a crossborder process.
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