Advances in corpus linguistics are of vital importance in terminology. The information obtained from corpora can be used to complement data already codified in dictionaries and termbases. In this article, we describe a framework of linguistic analysis that facilitates the extraction of conceptual information from corpora, and thus contributes to the study and analysis of terminological contexts. We are presently using this methodology in a research project called Oncoterm. One of the objectives of this project is to elaborate a bilingual terminological database, whose conceptual structure is an extension of an existing knowledge resource, the Mikrokosmos Ontology. In our termbase, medical concepts are organized in categories represented by templates, which are systematically applied to all category members. The application of the template to more specific concepts generates values that show the inheritance of knowledge structures within a specialized domain. The definitional information within each term entry is thus totally coherent with the information regarding other terms within the same conceptual category. This is conducive to the specification of a language of terminographic definition, which is concise, consistent and applicable not only to the domain of oncology, but also extensive to other medical domains and other languages.
This paper explores the role of situated and embodied cognition in multidimensionality as a dynamic phenomenon that triggers terminological variation. Terminological variation is crucial as the linguistic gate that gives access to different dimensions of the same concept. We approach the phenomenon of terminological variation from the ways of seeing proposal (Croft and Cruse 2004: 137) and focus on how a situated and dynamic perspective can trigger the activation of concept properties that have a perceptual or functional basis. Additionally, we discuss how this contributes to the shaping of terminological variants from the perspective of process-oriented or frame-based terminology management (Faber et al. 2005, 2006; Tercedor and López 2008). Our findings are illustrated by examples from the EcoLexicon1 knowledge base.
La localisation prend de plus en plus d’importance dans les programmes universitaires d’enseignement de la traduction. Cependant, peu de recherches empiriques se penchent sur des questions telles que la relation entre localisation et traduction, les champs de compétence spécifiques à la localisation ou sur la manière de rendre compte des différences culturelles en rapport avec le genre des productions numériques, les types textuels et les conventions en usage. Se basant sur les recherches antérieures menées sur les compétences traductionnelles, le présent article vise à proposer les fondements de l’étude des compétences en localisation. La recherche a mis en oeuvre une étude empirique contrastive, fondée sur des corpus, des traductions d’étudiants, ainsi que des données provenant d’un corpus comparable, constitué de textes originaux en espagnol et de textes localisés en espagnol. Notre objectif est d’identifier les différences dans la production des textes numériques localisés par des étudiants et des professionnels, d’une part, et des textes originaux, de l’autre. Cette analyse contrastive vise à mieux comprendre comment les compétences en localisation sont en lien avec le concept inclusif de compétences traductionnelles, afin de relever les aspects sur lesquels devrait porter la formation en localisation au niveau universitaire.Localization is increasingly making its way into translation training programs at university level. However, there is still a scarce amount of empirical research addressing issues such as defining localization in relation to translation, what localization competence entails or how to best incorporate intercultural differences between digital genres, text types and conventions, among other aspects. In this paper, we propose a foundation for the study of localization competence based upon previous research on translation competence. This project was developed following an empirical corpus-based contrastive study of student translations (learner corpus), combined with data from a comparable corpus made up of an original Spanish corpus and a Spanish localized corpus. The objective of the study is to identify differences in production between digital texts localized by students and professionals on the one hand, and original texts on the other. This contrastive study allows us to gain insight into how localization competence interrelates with the superordinate concept of translation competence, thus shedding light on which aspects need to be addressed during localization training in university translation programs
This article approaches the issue of lexical choices in translation that result from the presence of cognates. It analyzes methodological issues regarding cognate production in translation tasks carried out in technical contexts. Specifically, we studied the presence of cognates as a lexical manifestation of interference (Toury 1995), concentrating on cognates as part of phraseological and terminological units. We report on empirical data on cognate production by advanced students of translation working from English into Spanish in reduced-segments and space-constrained contexts. Additionally, we studied advanced learners of Spanish’s production in an experimental task.
Terminological information is a key element in the construction of a knowledge base. In order for a knowledge base to be useful to different users, terminological information should be extracted from corpora so as to reflect the different pragmatic nuances. Puertoterm is a knowledge base in the field of Coastal Engineering, which has made use of corpus information to develop terminological entries. It also includes contextual information in such a way that this information interacts with other elements of the knowledge base. We describe the methodology followed in the project regarding corpus design, retrieval of lexical information, conceptual organization of the domain of Coastal Engineering, and the elaboration of terminological entries.
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