Injuries sustained by male and female professional basketball teams were compared. Injuries from two consecutive seasons were coded, and computer-based cross-tabulations comparing sex, body part, and type of injury were performed. The women's injury frequency was 1.6 times that of men. The body part most frequently injured on both teams was the ankle. Women sustained significantly more knee and thigh injuries as well as sprains, strains, and contusions. Men had significantly more muscle spasms. Other injuries occurred in similar patterns in both sexes. Alterations in training programs are suggested with emphasis on women's strengthening and men's flexibility.

Two studies explored attachment in psychotherapy. In the 1st study, clients (N ϭ 38) in time-limited therapy completed the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale as a measure of adult attachment, the Client Attachment to Therapist Scale (CATS), Working Alliance Inventory (WAI), and measures of session depth and smoothness. Consistent with J. Bowlby's (1988) concept of a secure base promoting greater exploration, secure attachment to therapist was significantly associated with greater session depth and smoothness. Insecure adult attachment was associated with insecure therapeutic attachment. CATS subscales predicted unique variance in session experience not accounted for by the WAI alone. The 2nd study was a new analysis of data originally reported by B. Mallinckrodt, D. L. Gantt, and H. M. Coble (1995). Among women clients (N ϭ 44) who completed the CATS, WAI, and the Bell Object Relations and Reality Testing Inventory, 2 CATS subscales predicted unique variance in object relations deficits not accounted for by the WAI alone.

Fluid and electrolyte management is challenging for clinicians, as electrolytes shift in a variety of settings and disease states and are dependent on osmotic changes and fluid balance. The development of a plan for managing fluid and electrolyte abnormalities should start with correcting the underlying condition. In most cases, this is followed by an assessment of fluid balance with the goal of achieving euvolemia. After fluid status is understood and/or corrected, electrolyte imbalances are simplified. Many equations are available to aid clinicians in providing safe recommendations or at least to give a starting point for correcting the abnormalities. However, these equations do not take into consideration the vast differences between clinical scenarios, thus making electrolyte management more challenging. The supplementation plan, whether delivered intravenously or orally, must include an assessment of renal and gastrointestinal function, as most guidelines are established under the assumption of normal digestion, absorption and excretion. After the plan is developed, frequent monitoring is vital to regain homeostasis. A fluid and electrolyte management plan developed by a multidisciplinary team is advantageous in promoting continuity of care and producing safe outcomes.

No abstract

No abstract

Since few high schools have trainers on staff, Ms Porter studied the approach to injury management in 191 schools.

In brief Iliotibial band friction syndrome (ITBFS) is an overuse syndrome resulting from friction between the iliotibial band and the lateral femoral epicondyle during flexion and extension of the knee. It is often found in runners. If it is suspected, Ober's test for iliotibial band tightness should be performed. When Ober's test is positive, a lateral sole wedge is prescribed and the patient is started on a series of stretching exercises. These exercises have been shown to alleviate symptoms of ITBFS and prevent their occurrence.

No abstract