Visceral Leishmaniasis by Leishmania infantum chagasi is an endemic zoonosis present in many areas of Brazil. This parasite needs reservoirs for maintenance of the infection and the presence of dogs in urban areas is a key factor for the spread of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). The aim of this study was to report the first autochthonous case of CVL in the municipality of Iguatama, in west central region of Minas Gerais State. Dog infection by Leishmania infantum chagasi was confirmed in the municipality, previously considered as non-endemic area to CVL. The canine infection by Leishmania was confirmed by three immunological tests for antibodies: indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), rapid Dual Path Platform (DPP®) CVL immunochromatographic test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and microscopic demonstration of Leishmania amastigotes in imprints of spleen and bone marrow stained by Giemsa. The species Leishmania infantum chagasi was confirmed by molecular diagnosis (PCR). Studies are being carried out, aiming to describe the importance and the prevalence of this disease in the region and factors associated with its transmission.
Background: schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical parasitic disease caused by trematode worms of the genus schistosoma, which affects approximately 240 million people worldwide. the diagnosis of the disease can be performed by parasitological, molecular, and/or immunological methods, however, the development of new diagnostic methods still essential to guide policy decisions, monitor disease trends and assess the effectiveness of interventions. Objective: in this sense, the current work summarizes the findings of a systematic review regarding antigens applied in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test, which were patented and published over the last ten years. Methods: the literature search strategy used medical subject heading (mesh) terms to define as descriptors. “schistosoma mansoni” was used in arrangement with the descriptors “immunoassay”, “enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay”, “elisa”, and “antigens”, using the “and” connector. the patent search was done using keywords, including diagnosis and schistosoma or schistosomiasis or schistosome. several databases were employed for the patent search, such as intellectual property national institute; european patent office; the united states patent and trademark office; patent scope, and google patents. Results: forty-one articles were retrieved, of which only five met the eligibility criteria. seventeen patents were taken from the databases, and a brief description of the most relevant inventions is given here. Conclusion: schistosomiasis is considered the most important helminthic disease in worldwide. therefore, it is important to of searching for and develops diagnostic methods based on serology to reduce morbidity and mortality caused by the disease.
Introdução: A esquistossomose mansônica, causada pelo parasito Schistosoma mansoni, tem o homem como hospedeiro definitivo e como hospedeiros intermediários moluscos, pertencentes ao gênero Biomphalaria. A transmissão da doença ocorre em ambientes hídricos dulcícolas, habitados por moluscos das espécies B. glabrata, B. straminea e B. tenagophila, que liberam cercárias na água. Caso os humanos entrem em contato com o meio aquático pode ocorrer a contaminação. Para o controle desta parasitose é extremamente relevante a identificação das espécies de moluscos para a determinação da epidemiologia de uma área. Objetivo: Identificar áreas de risco para transmissão de S. mansoni no Município de Lagoa da Prata-MG, através do levantamento da malacofauna e identificação das espécies de moluscos. Metodologia: Foram realizadas coletas de moluscos no período de setembro de 2017 a maio de 2018, na lagoa da Praia Municipal, na lagoa do bairro Palmeiras e no córrego Chico Silveira. As coletas foram efetuadas com auxílio de pinças metálicas e puçá, os moluscos foram transportados para o laboratório de Microscopia do UNIFOR-MG, onde foram mensurados e identificados através de aspectos morfológicos. Resultados: Foram coletados 1961 exemplares de moluscos, destes 46,51% pertenciam a espécie B. straminea, 32,69% B. glabrata, 15,5% Physa marmorata, 3,67% Melanoides tuberculata, 0,87% Drepanotrema anatinum e 0,76% Lymnaea columella. Conclusão: No Município de Lagoa da Prata-MG, foram encontrados moluscos do gênero Biomphalaria sp., transmissoras da esquistossomose, o que torna estes locais como áreas de risco para transmissão da doença.
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