Autochthonous case of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in a non-endemic area in Minas Gerais, Brazil

Abstract

Visceral Leishmaniasis by Leishmania infantum chagasi is an endemic zoonosis present in many areas of Brazil. This parasite needs reservoirs for maintenance of the infection and the presence of dogs in urban areas is a key factor for the spread of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). The aim of this study was to report the first autochthonous case of CVL in the municipality of Iguatama, in west central region of Minas Gerais State. Dog infection by Leishmania infantum chagasi was confirmed in the municipality, previously considered as non-endemic area to CVL. The canine infection by Leishmania was confirmed by three immunological tests for antibodies: indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), rapid Dual Path Platform (DPP®) CVL immunochromatographic test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and microscopic demonstration of Leishmania amastigotes in imprints of spleen and bone marrow stained by Giemsa. The species Leishmania infantum chagasi was confirmed by molecular diagnosis (PCR). Studies are being carried out, aiming to describe the importance and the prevalence of this disease in the region and factors associated with its transmission.

Evaluation of canine leishmaniasis and concomitant seropositivity for Babesia canis and rickettsia in a nonendemic area in the central west region of Minas Gerais

“…There were no significant CVL differences in Carmo da Mata for sex and age of the animals, similar to the studies conducted in the western region of the state of Minas Gerais (Almeida et al, 2009;Santis et al, 2013;Faria et al, 2017). Clinical signs seen in CVL dogs in Carmo da Mata were similar to clinical signs observed in other studies and included skin changes, onychogryphosis, and weight loss (Almeida et al, 2012;Barata et al, 2013;Faria et al, 2017).…”

“…A comparison of previous studies showed a significant difference between CVL prevalence rates in the municipalities of Divinópolis (4.6%) (Teixeira-Neto et al, 2014) and Carmo da Mata (0.7%), with a prevalence ratio of 6.7 (95% CI: 2.1-20.8). A significant difference was found between the municipalities of Iguatama (8.3%) (Faria et al, 2017) and Carmo da Mata (0.7%), with a prevalence ratio of 12 (95% CI: 3.7-38.7). There was also a significant difference of CVL prevalence between the municipalities of Bom Sucesso (3%) (Silva et al, 2008) and Carmo da Mata (0.7%), with a prevalence ratio of 4.3 (95% CI: 1.3-14.4).…”

“…Dogs are important links in the transmission of the VL etiological agent and some studies have been conducted in the central west region of the state of Minas Gerais in order to better explain parasite dispersion in this region (Silva et al, 2008;Teixeira-Neto et al, 2014;Menezes et al, 2015;Faria et al, 2017).…”

Evaluation of the euthanasia of seropositive dogs for canine visceral leishmaniasis as the only method of controling the disease in the enzootic area in the Midwestern Minas Gerais

“…The municipality of Iguatama, located in the Midwest region of the state of Minas Gerais (MG), recorded its first authocthonous case of CLV in 2013 (Faria et al 2017) and has not yet reported any human cases of VL (DATASUS-SINAN-MS 2018). In 2013, the State Department of Health of Minas Gerais conducted an entomological survey in the city and found…”

ANÁLISE OPERACIONAL DA DERRUBADA DE ÁRVORES COM HARVESTER EM CORTE RASO DE POVOAMENTOS DE Pinus taeda L.

“…A desvantagem de se utilizar a PCR é a ocorrência de falsos positivos, obtidos por DNA contaminante, técnicas que são padronizadas realizadas de formas diferentes nos laboratórios de diagnóstico, não da informações sobre a imunidade do animal e portanto não pode ser utilizado de forma isolada no diagnóstico da doença (SOLANO-GALLEGO et al, 2017). Por ser um método muito utilizado para confirmar a infecção, seus resultados são utilizados para confrontar com resultados de sorologia (QUEIROZ;FARIA et al, 2017;SOLANO-GALLEGO et al, 2017, TRAVI et al, 2018. Em 2017, a análise do impacto orçamentário dos testes diagnósticos para a Leishmaniose humana no Brasil mostraram vantagens econômicas e de sensibilidade em se utilizar a PCR em substituição a citologia da punção de medula em humanos, e a implantação do teste rápido imunocromatográfico (IT LEISH) em substituição ao teste ELISA (KALAZAR DETECT).…”