OBJECTIVE: This paper aimed to analyze studies in the literature addressing the role of cytokines in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in the orthodontic treatment. METHODS: Several databases were surveyed using both MESH terms and free terms. Additional studies were obtained by reference tracking. This review was registered in PROSPERO, and the procedures foreseen by its statement were followed. Data were obtained from the included studies addressing the orthodontic mechanics, GCF sampling/handling methods, and cytokine measurements. Clinical studies written in English were browsed. Papers were selected by one reviewer and checked by a second investigator. RESULTS: A total of 115 articles were identified, among which 25 were selected for detailed analysis. Common drawbacks consisted mainly of inadequacies in the study design (e.g. short duration and small number of study subjects). The most consistent result was a peak of cytokine levels at 1 d. Associations were observed between prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and pain, velocity of tooth movement, and treatment mechanics. Interleukin-1b and PGE2 showed different patterns of up-regulation, with IL-1β being more responsive to mechanical stress and PGE2 more responsive to synergistic regulation of IL-1β and mechanical force. The results support the use of light continuous forces for orthodontic treatment. CONCLUSION: There was a tendency of maintenance of relatively high IL-1β levels for longer periods with the use of light continuous forces, which might decrease the frequency of activation. These outcomes provide evidence at the cellular level for the utilization of light continuous forces.Key words: Systematic review; Orthodontics, corrective; Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF); Interleukin; T Cells.Papel das citocinas presentes no fluido crevicular durante o tratamento ortodôntico: uma revisão sistemática REsUMO OBJETIVO: Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar estudos na literatura abordando o papel das citocinas no Líquido do Sulco Gengival no tratamento ortodôntico. MéTODOS: Várias bases de dados foram pesquisadas usando termos MESH e termos livres. Estudos adicionais foram obtidos por rastreamento de referência. Esta revisão foi registrada no PROSPERO, e os procedimentos previstos por sua declaração foram seguidos. Os dados foram obtidos dos estudos incluídos sobre a mecânica ortodôntica, métodos de amostragem / manuseio de Líquido do Sulco Gengival e medições de citoquinas. Estudos clínicos escritos em inglês foram pesquisados. Os trabalhos foram selecionados por um revisor e verificados por um segundo investigador. RESULTADOS: Foram identificados 115 artigos, dentre os quais 25 foram selecionados para análise detalhada. As desvantagens comuns consistiram principalmente em insuficiências no design do estudo (por exemplo, curta duração e pequeno número de sujeitos do estudo). O resultado mais consistente foi um pico de níveis de citocinas a 1 d. Foram observadas associações entre prostaglandina E2 (PGE2) e interleucina-1β (IL-1β) ...
Objective: To evaluate and compare the eruption rates of lower second premolars (LPm2) at different developmental stages using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: Retrospectively, 31 individuals (9.77 6 1.25 years) had their LPm2 scored according to the Demirjian method, and afterwards they were split into three groups according to developmental stage, as follows: D ¼ complete-formed crowns; E ¼ root length less than crown height; and F ¼ root length greater than or equal to crown height. Linear distances from the LPm2 crown tip to the anatomical reference line (ARL) and to the occlusal plane line (OPL) were measured in paired CBCT scans (T1, T2), taken with an average interval of 8.6 months between them. Eruption rates (mm/y) were calculated and then compared between groups. Results: Eruption rates were greater for LPm2 at stage F than at stages D or E (P , .01) regardless of whether they were measured from the ARL (D ¼ 2.84 mm/y; E ¼ 2.55 mm/y; F ¼ 5.38 mm/y) or from the OPL (D ¼ 1.82 mm/y; E ¼ 2.02 mm/y; F ¼ 5.26 mm/y). Eruption rates evaluated from the ARL and the OPL had no statistically significant differences (P ¼ .052), and a positive correlation (r ¼ .79, P , .001) between them was observed. Conclusions: LPm2 at Demirjian stage F showed greater eruption rates than at stages D or E, regardless of whether rates were measured from the ARL or the OPL. Faster eruption is expected for LPm2 at stage F. Evaluation of the LPm2's developmental stage using CBCT can aid in clinical decision making regarding the correct timing for intervention. (Angle Orthod. 2017;87:570-575)
INTRODUCTION: Combined treatment offers advantages for partially edentulous patients. Conventional implants, used as orthodontic anchorage, enable previous orthodontic movement, which provides appropriate space gain for crown insertion. OBJECTIVE: This case report describes the treatment of a 61-year and 10-month-old patient with negative overjet which made ideal prosthetic rehabilitation impossible, thereby hindering dental and facial esthetics. CASE REPORT: After a diagnostic setup, conventional implants were placed in the upper arch to anchor intrusion and retract anterior teeth. Space gain for lateral incisors was achieved in the lower arch by means of an orthodontic appliance. CONCLUSIONS: Integrated planning combining Orthodontics and Implantology provided successful treatment by means of conventional implant-supported anchorage. The resulting occlusal relationship proved stable after 10 years.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.