As praças e parques públicos contaminados com fezes de cães e gatos constituem uma importante via de transmissão de zoonoses parasitárias. O aumento do número de cães domiciliados, peridomiciliados e errantes, e o crescente acesso destes a locais públicos têm contribuído para a elevação da contaminação ambiental e de infecções zoonóticas, especialmente em crianças. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a ocorrência de formas parasitárias no solo de praças públicas no município de Esteio (RS). Para isto, foram selecionadas seis praças, onde foram realizados cinco pontos de coleta, totalizando 30 amostras. Os métodos utilizados foram: Técnica de Willis-Mollay, Técnica de Faust e cols., Técnica de Sheather e sedimentação espontânea. A análise do material processado evidenciou que das 30 amostras coletadas: 17 (56,6%) foram positivas – das quais, 15 (88,2%) apresentaram ovos de Ancylostoma sp.; nove (52,9%) apresentaram ovos de Toxocara sp.; três (17,6%), oocistos de Isospora sp.; e uma (5,8%), ovos de Taenia sp. Concluiu-se que o solo das caixas de areia das praças do município de Esteio (RS) está contaminado por formas parasitárias que podem causar doença em seres humanos.

A toxoplasmose é causada pelo Toxoplasma gondii, parasito pertencente ao reino Protista, filo Apicomplexa, ordem Eucoccidiida e família Sarcocystidae. É um coccídeo intracelular obrigatório, que infecta naturalmente o homem, os animais selvagens e domésticos, e também os pássaros. É uma infecção de ampla distribuição geográfica e depende de alguns fatores como clima, condição socioeconômica e cultural. Os hospedeiros definitivos são os membros da família Felidae. A infecção ocorre pela ingestão de oocistos, taquizoítos, ou bradizoítos, e em algumas espécies, também por transmissão transplacentária e transmamária. É uma doença de importância em Saúde Pública, pelas alterações que causa nos fetos humanos, e de importância em produção animal pelas perdas por aborto. O diagnóstico laboratorial pode ser realizado pela demonstração do coccídeo (parasitológico), por métodos indiretos (imunológico) e por métodos de biologia molecular. A doença possui tratamento, mas não existem, atualmente, vacinas para toxoplasmose humana, apenas há uma vacina comercial para ovinos e estudos em outras espécies animais.

Background: Transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) is a common contagious neoplasm in dogs that spreads through coitus. Extra-genital presentations of this tumor are frequent and usually develop through implantation of neoplastic cells on exposed mucosae. TVT metastasis is rare, and when it happens it's usually affecting regional lymph nodes and adjacent cutaneous tissue. Case: A female mixed breed dog, with estimated age of 7 to 11 months old, was rescued from the streets and taken to a veterinary clinic in the city of Porto Alegre, RS. The animal had multiple nodules on its body, vulva, ocular mucosa, and gingiva, along with signs of malnutrition and apathy. Cytological examination of the nodules and vulva was done and yielded a cytologic picture compatible with TVT. Weakly treatment with 0,3mg/m² vincristine sulphate was used until clinical cure was noted. Approximately two weeks after clinical cure, the dog showed a blue colored eye and was referred for ophthalmological, where it was diagnosed with vision loss due to glaucoma secondary to a neoplasm. The eye was then removed and sent for histopathological evaluation. Histopathology of the eye was compatible with TVT diagnosis. One month after enucleation the animal display dispenia, pain, aggressiveness and epistaxis. The animal was euthanized and submitted for post-mortem evaluation. At necropsy there was a well-defined grayish-white, nodule near the thalamus. Similar nodules were also found on the lung, and anterior chamber of the eye. Histologically, all the nodules were compatible with TVT. Immunohistochemical examination was done, with the neoplastic cells being positive for vimentin and negative for cytokeratin, CD79a, CD3 and CD117. Based on the post-mortem examination and clinical history, diagnosis of TVT was given. Discussion: The clinical manifestation of the tumor in the genitalia presented by the animal is characteristic of TVT, but the extragenital presentation is less common. Although extragenital manifestations are well reported, most are due to auto-implantation (contact with the dog's own genitalia) or hetero-implantation (contact with the genitalia of another dog). Metastases originating from the genitalia are markedly less common (5% of cases), and when they occur, they usually affect regional lymph nodes due to lymphatic communication. However, they can also occur in other organs, such as the liver, kidneys, spleen, tonsils, skin and subcutaneous tissue, bone, CNS, mesentery, and eyes. In this case, it is difficult to determine if the ocular tumor reported was due to metastasis or implantation by direct eye contact with TVT cells, since the animal lived on the street, and it was not possible to establish a more accurate history. The dog in this study was treated with vincristine sulfate; however, the treatment was stopped after one month, when no signs of the tumor were observed. Treatment with vincristine is the method of choice for TVT, since it is highly effective. However, rare cases of recurrence after treatment may occur. In addition, t...

Resumo.A leishmaniose é uma antropozoonose causada por um protozoário do gênero Leishmania, transmitida predominantemente pela picada de mosquitos flebotomíneos do gênero Lutzomya. Trata-se de uma doença de elevada relevância na saúde pública. O objetivo desse trabalho foi revisar a leishmaniose em equídeos. Nesses animais a enfermidade causa lesões pápulo-nodulares e/ou ulceradas e raramente linfoadenopatia. O diagnóstico é feito principalmente pelo exame histopatológico das lesões cutâneas e por métodos sorológicos. A leishmaniose deve ser incluída no diagnóstico diferencial de doenças cutâneas dos equídeos não responsivas a antibióticos e antifúngicos. Leishmaniose equina é uma doença tropical negligenciada e a sua importância no ciclo de transmissão da leishmaniose humana ainda não está esclarecida. Palavras chave: leishmaniose, equídeos, antropozoonose Leishmaniasis in equines: ReviewAbstratct. Leishmaniasis is an anthropozoonosis caused by a protozoan of the genus Leishmania, transmitted predominantly by the bite of sand flies of the genus Lutzomya. It is a disease of high relevance in public health. The objective of this paper was to review leishmaniasis in horses. In these animals, the disease causes papulonodular and/or ulcerated lesions and rarely lymphadenopathy. The diagnosis is made mainly by the histopathological examination of the skin lesions and by serological methods. Leishmaniasis should be included in the differential diagnosis of cutaneous diseases in horses that are not responsive to antibiotics and antifungals. Equine leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease and its importance in the human leishmaniasis transmission cycle is still unclear.

Leishmaniosis are zoonoses that present several clinical manifestations in humans and have dogs as their main reservoir in the urban environment. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is the most severe form of the parasitosis and has been increasing in Brazil, despite the actions of public health agencies. Until 2002, the State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) was considered free of human and canine leishmaniasis. The first human case of cutaneous leishmaniasis in RS was recorded in 2003. In 2009, the first autochthonous cases of human VL and canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) were confirmed in São Borja, RS, and the occurrence of the insect vector was recorded for the first time in the state. In 2010, the first confirmed case of CVL was reported and seropositive dogs were identified in the city of Porto Alegre, RS. Given the importance of this zoonosis and the difficulties of a reliable diagnosis in dogs, this study aimed to identify epidemiological aspects of CVL in dogs in an area of Porto Alegre where cases of the disease have been reported. A total of 300 blood samples were collected from dogs in this area, which were then tested by the methods of RT-DPP® and ELISA for diagnosis of Leishmania infantum. An epidemiological questionnaire was completed by dog owners, containing aspects related to care of the animals, characteristics of their environment, and their living conditions. We observed that 83% (250/300) of the studied dogs were of mixed breed, 58% (175/300) were female, 78% (238/300) slept outdoors, and 61% (183/300) shared their living quarters with other species. Clinically, we observed that 90% (270/300) of the animals were infested by ectoparasites, 70% (210/300) had dermatopathies, 24% (72/300) presented weight loss and anorexia, and 22% (65/300) had ocular disorders. The results of the two serological tests were 100% concordant for the three seropositive samples (1%), and the remaining 297 (99%) were negative for both tests. We conclude that despite the low prevalence of L. infantum seropositive dogs, conditions in the region are favorable for CVL transmission, creating a risk of VL for the human population in the city of Porto Alegre. ResumoAs leishmanioses são zoonoses que apresentam diversas manifestações clínicas no homem e tem o cão como seu principal reservatório no ambiente urbano. A Leishmaniose visceral (LV) é a forma mais grave da parasitose e sua ocorrência tem aumentado no Brasil, apesar das ações dos órgãos de saúde pública. Até o do ano de 2002, o Estado do Rio Grande do Sul era área indene para as leishmanioses humana e canina. Em 2003 foi registrado o primeiro caso humano da forma tegumentar. Em 2009, foram confirmados os primeiros casos autóctones humanos de LV e caninos de Leishmaniose visceral canina (LVC) no município de São Borja/RS e registrada, pela primeira vez, a ocorrência do inseto vetor no estado. Em 2010, foi notificado o primeiro caso confirmado de LVC e identificados cães sororreagentes em Porto Alegre/RS. Tendo em vista a importância desta zoonose e as dificuldades de u...

Chinchilla lanigera is a rodent native to Chile which is bred for commercial purposes. Parasitic diseases, mainly giardiasis, may cause clinical and sanitary problems and lead to production INTRODUÇÃOChinchilla lanigera é um roedor que originalmente habitava uma grande extensão da cordilheira costeira do Chile, entre 400 e 1.500 metros acima do nível do mar, em um clima que sofre variação de 0 a 30°C. O gênero Chinchilla, pertence a família Chinchillidae e possui duas espécies: C. lanigera e C. brevicaudata 1,2 .Alguns historiadores relatam o interesse dos índios Chinchas (provavelmente vem daí a origem do nome chinchila) por esses animais, utilizando a pele pra se abrigar, o pêlo para fazer tecelagens e carne como alimento. Após o domínio dos Chinchas pelos Incas, os dominados foram proibidos de usar a pele, que ficou vinculada a um símbolo de superioridade da realeza Inca. A Europa só conheceu a pele em 1524, quando os exploradores levaram peças indígenas como souvenir, por exemplo, à Rainha Isabel. A partir daí começa um extermínio que quase levou à extinção da espécie 3,2 .A primeira criação de chinchilas do mundo foi

Bovine trypanosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma vivax. This disease causes high morbidity and mortality in the herd and is thus responsible for low economic savings in cattle farming. The objective of this study was to report the occurrence of trypanosomiasis due to T. vivax in Espírito Santo, Brazil. The animals had reduced milk production, intermittent fever, anorexia, apathy, births of weak cattle, and adult mortality after progressive weight loss. Complete blood count and hematozoa were investigated. In the hematological analysis, the trypomastigote form of T. vivax was observed. This was the first report of the occurrence of T. vivax in the State of Espírito Santo. The results of this paper show the importance of carrying out studies to diagnose the epidemiological situation of the disease within the productive context of regions that manage dairy farming with severe symptoms of the disease. Therefore, the occurrence of trypanosomiasis can have a negative impact on the health and economics of local cattle farming.

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