Summary
In a retrospective cohort study undertaken in 12 European countries, 249 female narcoleptic patients with cataplexy (n = 216) and without cataplexy (n = 33) completed a self‐administrated questionnaire regarding pregnancy and childbirth. The cohort was divided further into patients whose symptoms of narcolepsy started before or during pregnancy (308 pregnancies) and those in whom the first symptoms of narcolepsy appeared after delivery (106 pregnancies). Patients with narcolepsy during pregnancy were older during their first pregnancy (P < 0.001) and had a higher body mass index (BMI) prior to pregnancy (P < 0.01). Weight gain during pregnancy was higher in narcoleptic patients with cataplexy (P < 0.01). More patients with narcolepsy–cataplexy during pregnancy had impaired glucose metabolism and anaemia. Three patients experienced cataplexy during delivery. The rate of caesarean sections was higher in the narcolepsy–cataplexy group compared to the narcolepsy group (P < 0.05). The mean birth weight and gestational age of neonates were within the normal range and did not differ across groups. Neonatal care was affected adversely by symptoms of narcolepsy in 60.1% of those with narcolepsy during pregnancy. This study reports more obstetric complications in patients with narcolepsy–cataplexy during pregnancy; however, these were not severe. This group also had a higher BMI and higher incidence of impaired glucose metabolism during pregnancy. Caesarian section was conducted more frequently in narcolepsy–cataplexy patients, despite cataplexy being a rare event during delivery. Furthermore, symptoms of narcolepsy may render care of the infant more difficult.
AbstractRecurrent hypersomnia (RH) is a rare disorder characterized by episodes of hypersomnia, variously accompanied by behavioural and cognitive disturbances, compulsive eating behaviour and hypersexuality. Electrophysiologic evaluation of the sleep during symptomatic and asymptomatic periods of RH distinguishes RH from other primary sleep or mental disorders. Unique polysomnographic findings during the hypersomniac attack lasting 96 hours in a 16-year-old boy affected with primary RH are presented in this paper.
Identify reduction of alpha synuclein expression on substantia nigra in Parkinson's rat model after given Saccharomyces cerevisae. Patients and methods / Material and methods: This research applied true experimental design by in vivo with draft randomized post test only controlled group. The sample was divided into five groups, each of them consisted of 5 rats, namely, negative control group, positive control group, Treatment Group 1, 2 and 3 (Rotenone + Saccharomyces cerevisae 18 mg/kgBB), 36 mg/kgBW, 72 mg/kgBW which is given for 30 days). Variable measured is alpha synuclein expression. Results: Significant difference in the number of expressions of alpha synuclein between positive control group and negative control group (p = 0000) and treatment group (p = 0.000; 0.000; 0.000); the addition of Saccharomyces cerevisae in Treatment 1, 2 and 3 (18mg/kgBW, 36mg/kgBW, 72mg/kgBW) caused a significant difference compared with positive control group (p = 0.000; 0.000; 0.000); the addition of Saccharomyces cerevisae in Treatment 1 (18 mg/kgBW) caused significant difference in the amount of alpha synuclein expression compared to the Treatment 2 (36mg/kgBW) (p = 0.981), but it showed a significant difference in Treatment 3 (72mg/kgBW) (p = 0000). Conclusion: Addition of Saccharomyces cerevisae decreases alpha synuclein expression in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's rat models significantly with maximum results at the dose of 72 mg/kgBW.
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