MotivationThe BioTIME database contains raw data on species identities and abundances in ecological assemblages through time. These data enable users to calculate temporal trends in biodiversity within and amongst assemblages using a broad range of metrics. BioTIME is being developed as a community‐led open‐source database of biodiversity time series. Our goal is to accelerate and facilitate quantitative analysis of temporal patterns of biodiversity in the Anthropocene.Main types of variables includedThe database contains 8,777,413 species abundance records, from assemblages consistently sampled for a minimum of 2 years, which need not necessarily be consecutive. In addition, the database contains metadata relating to sampling methodology and contextual information about each record.Spatial location and grainBioTIME is a global database of 547,161 unique sampling locations spanning the marine, freshwater and terrestrial realms. Grain size varies across datasets from 0.0000000158 km2 (158 cm2) to 100 km2 (1,000,000,000,000 cm2).Time period and grainBioTIME records span from 1874 to 2016. The minimal temporal grain across all datasets in BioTIME is a year.Major taxa and level of measurementBioTIME includes data from 44,440 species across the plant and animal kingdoms, ranging from plants, plankton and terrestrial invertebrates to small and large vertebrates.Software format.csv and .SQL.

Foi realizado um levantamento fitossociológico em dois fragmentos de floresta higrófila (mata de brejo) no município de Campinas, SP. Em cada fragmento foram alocadas 10 parcelas contíguas de 10 m x 10 m e amostrados todos os indivíduos com PAP (perímetro à altura do peito) ³ 10 cm. Os dados dos dois fragmentos foram agrupados e analisados em conjunto. Ao todo foram amostrados 955 indivíduos de 55 espécies, 44 gêneros e 29 famílias. Foi observada baixa diversidade em espécies (H’ = 2,80 nats/indivíduo). As espécies de maior IVI, em ordem decrescente, foram Calophyllum brasiliensis (Clusiaceae), Protium almecega (Burseraceae), Styrax pohlii (Styracaceae), Syagrus romanzoffiana (Arecaceae), Talauma ovata (Magnoliaceae), Geonoma brevispatha (Arecaceae), Trichilia pallida (Meliaceae), Inga luschnathiana (Mimosaceae), Guarea macrophylla (Meliaceae) e Tapirira guianensis (Anacardiaceae), representadas por grande número de indivíduos. As famílias mais ricas em espécies foram Myrtaceae (9 espécies), Lauraceae (6), Meliaceae (5), Euphorbiaceae (4) e Fabaceae (3). Essas matas são restritas a áreas de solo permanentemente encharcado e revelam um padrão florestal característico, com peculiaridades florísticas, estruturais e fisionômicas que as diferenciam das demais unidades florestais do estado de São Paulo.
The phytosociological structure was studied in two hygrophillous forest (swamp forest) fragments, in Campinas, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Ten plots of 10 m x 10 m were stablished in each fragment and all individuals with PBH (perimeter at breast height) ³ 10 cm were included. The data of both fragments were analised together. It was sampled 955 individuals from 55 species, 44 genera and 29 families. A low species diversity was observed (H’ = 2.80 nats/individual). The most important species, in terms of descending order of IVI, were Calophyllum brasiliensis (Clusiaceae), Protium almecega (Burseraceae), Styrax pohlii (Styracaceae), Syagrus romanzoffiana (Arecaceae), Talauma ovata (Magnoliaceae), Geonoma brevispatha (Arecaceae), Trichilia pallida (Meliaceae), Inga luschnathiana (Mimosaceae), Guarea macrophylla (Meliaceae) and Tapirira guianensis (Anacardiaceae), represented by many individuals. The richest families in species were: Myrtaceae (9 species), Lauraceae (6), Meliaceae (5), Euphorbiaceae (4) and Fabaceae (3). These forests are restrict to permanently flooded soil and display a peculiar forest pattern, with characteristic floristics, structure and physiognomy that distinguish them from other forests of the state of São Paulo

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Epiphytes are hyper‐diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non‐vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer‐reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non‐vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non‐vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events.

-(Non-arboreal phanerogamic cerrado flora of Assis Ecological Station, state of São Paulo). The cerrado vegetation in São Paulo State is restricted to a few remnants which non-arboreal flora has rarely been studied. The present study aimed at characterizing the non-arboreal phanerogamic flora occurring in distinct "cerrado" vegetation types (wet camp, cerrado sensu stricto, woodland cerrado and riparian forest) at Assis Ecological Station (22°33'65" to 22°36'68" S and 50°22'29" to 50°23'00" W), Assis municipality, São Paulo State, Brazil, and, by comparison with other "cerrado" sites in the state, verifying possible occurrence of endemic or rare species. A floristic survey was carried out and a total of 301 species, 199 genera and 61 families of non-arboreal phanerogamic plants were found. The richest families for the studied life forms in the area were: Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Bignoniaceae and Poaceae. Richness in the physiognomies, in decreasing order, was 146 species in the cerrado sensu stricto (48.8%), 48 species in the woodland cerrado (15.9%), 47 in the wet camp (15.6%), and, at last, the riparian forest, with 15 species (5.0%). Compared to other cerrado areas, the diversity of the local non-arboreal flora is high. There is, also, a high number of species (102 or 34%) exclusive from the studied area. High proportions of non-arboreal species occurring in a single locality have been also observed in other studies, indicating that either endemism can be higher among these life-forms than among arboreal species or inventory methods were not adequate to survey the total richness of the studied areas. Conservation strategies and botanical inventories must especially consider the non-arboreal flora, since arboreal species are both more widespread and proportionally better known.Key words -cerrado vegetation, conservation, diversity, floristic inventory RESUMO -(Flora fanerogâmica não-arbórea do cerrado na Estação Ecológica de Assis, Estado de São Paulo). A vegetação de cerrado no Estado de São Paulo sobrevive em poucas áreas naturais remanescentes cuja flora, exceto pelas espécies arbóreas, é pouco conhecida. O presente estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar a flora fanerogâmica não-arbórea das diferentes fisionomias da vegetação (campo úmido, cerrado sensu stricto, cerradão e mata ciliar) na Estação Ecológica de Assis (22°33'65" e 22°36'68" S e 50°22'29" e 50°23'00" W), Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, e compará-la a outras áreas de cerrado no estado, para verificar possíveis endemismos ou a presença de espécies raras, que mereçam providências especiais de manejo para sua conservação. Nas diferentes fisionomias da vegetação no interior da unidade de conservação foram registradas 301 espécies fanerógamas não-arbóreas, pertencentes a 199 gêneros e 61 famílias. As famílias com os maiores números de espécies foram: Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Bignoniaceae e Poaceae. A riqueza de espécies foi decrescente do cerrado sensu stricto (146 espécies ou 48,8%), seguido pelo cerradão (48 espécies ou 15,9%), campo úmido (47 espé...