Tailoring the crystal lattice and multiple phase interfaces via the feasible accommodation of Cu–Co into the host (Fe) structure, expedited the surface oxygen vacancies that modulated the reduction/chemisorption behavior of active Fe species.
The efficient conversion of syngas to aromatic hydrocarbons (STA) has attracted attention in recent years for its extensive utilization in the energy and defense sectors. In current study, the alloying of two active FT synthesis metal components (FeÀ Co) was employed in Na-FeMnCo/HZSM-5 composite catalyst for STA process. Different calcination temperatures and Fe/Mn/Co molar ratios were modulated for harnessing the different Fe 2 O 3 /CoFe 2 O 4 /MnCo 2 O 4 structures that possessed divergent structural, reduction, carburization and catalytic behaviors to give Fe 3 O 4 /Fe x C/Co x C reactive species. Herein, the effective inclusion of Co and Mn into Fe brought about the expedient geometric and electronic modulations for providing the homogenously distributed CoFe 2 O 4 nanocrystals. This particular substitution of Fe played a vital role for tuning the density of oxygen vacancies, tailoring the reduction behavior of Fe-O x , giving the FeÀ Co alloy structure, and adjusting the adsorption capabilities of catalytic surface that mainly dictate the concentration of active Fe 5 C 2 phase. An escalated selectivity to olefinic intermediates and subsequent higher aromatics fractions (~55 %) thus was imparted with an inhibited CO 2 (21 %) generation by meliorating the different Fischer-Tropsch/ Aromatization reactions in stable CO conversion of~98 %.
BackgroundJoubert syndrome (JBTS) is a heterogenous disorder characterized by intellectual disability, developmental delays, molar tooth sign in brain imaging, hypotonia, ocular motor apraxia and overlapping features of ciliopathies. There are 36 clinical subtypes of JBTS, with an equal number of genes known so far for this phenotype.MethodsWhole exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing were performed for the molecular diagnosis of a Pakhtun family affected with Joubert syndrome type 9 (JBTS9).ResultsA novel homozygous missense variant (c.4417C>G; Pro1473Ala) in exon 34 was identified in coiled‐coil and C2 domains‐containing the protein 2A (CC2D2A; NM_001080522) gene. The variant co‐segregated in autosomal recessive fashion within the family and was not found in 200 ethnically matched unaffected individuals. In silico analyses supported the pathogenic effect of the altered CC2D2A protein.ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of CC2D2A alteration co‐segragating with a JBTS9 phenotype in a Pakhtun family from Pakistan. Our findings broaden the pathogenic spectrum of JBTS9, adding a novel variant to CC2D2A variation pool. WES analysis is a successful molecular diagnostic tool for rare genetic disorders, especially in those populations where the marriage of cousins is more frequent. Efficient and accurate genetic testing and counselling of the affected families are helpful for patient management and for reducing the disease burden in future generations.
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