The indirect effect of vaccination on the non-vaccinated individuals (the 'herd immunity effect') can be greater than the direct effect on individuals vaccinated. This implies that the herd immunity effect needs to be taken into consideration in the economic evaluations of prophylactic measures employed against infectious diseases.
The EQ-5D dimension most negatively affected by influenza was <> while the least affected dimension was <>. Influenza causes substantial losses in HRQoL among the population of working age. The results of the sensitivity analysis of the monetary effects of influenza infection yielded intervals showing a range of more than 5 times the mean value.
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