Partiendo de una definición multidimensional, gradual y procesual del concepto de resiliencia que implica el desarrollo de diversas estrategias , el artículo propone que, en cada posición en el espacio de interacción socio político, la participación socio-comunitaria y/o política promueve la articulación sinérgica de varias dimensiones de la resiliencia (individual, familiar, socio-comunitaria restrictiva, socio-comunitaria inclusiva y política) posibilitando una salida de la crisis con un mayor grado de bienestar. Así pues, basándonos en el material empírico del caso español obtenido en el marco de un proyecto europeo realizado entre 2014 y 2016, este trabajo pone de manifiesto que la participación socio-comunitaria y política constituye un elemento fundamental para impulsar modalidades sinérgicas de resiliencia, potenciando el capital social y el bienestar de sujetos y familias; no obstante, se observa que, precisamente las personas que soportan situaciones de mayor vulnerabilidad, encuentran más obstáculos y menos herramientas para articular estas beneficiosas sinergias. Palabras clave: Estrategias, participación socio-política, re-comunitarización, crisis, población vulnerable.
In this article, we focus on consumption in a context of economic hardship. From an empirical perspective, and using a qualitative methodology, we show how disadvantaged individuals and households maintain a level of consumption commensurate with the society in which they are integrated through a type of consumption conceived of here as “resilient”. Resilient consumption is characterized by being a type of expenditure oriented towards maintaining the role of consumer, that is, maintaining a minimum level of purchasing power, modifying to this end both the level and the structure of consumption, both of which are key elements in the resilience process. We identify five main strategies used by households that modify and restructure the consumption of basic goods and necessities in response to economic hardship. Key resilient consumption strategies include: reduction (cutting down on spending), substitution (replacement of one difficulty with another), compensation (pseudo‐consumption or reduced usage), transference (meta‐resilience) and integration (reinterpretation of difficulties as opportunities). We conclude that although consumption is a naturally resilient behaviour, in a crisis context, resilient practices focus on maintaining acquisition capacity in spite of reduced income.
Le modèle de réglementation des politiques de l’emploi des institutions européennes se traduit dans leur capacité de diffuser une doxa structurée autour d’un certain nombre de notions – parmi d autres, la notion de flexicurité – qui finissent par devenir un axe nodal du discours politique et, dans nombre de cas, du discours scientifique, européen mais aussi national. Le statut politique particulier des institutions européennes, le caractère internormatif qui en caractérise les propositions, ainsi que l’important pouvoir symbolique exercé par ces institutions expliquent la nature polysémique, ambiguë et paradoxale de la plupart des concepts articulant leurs propositions. Leur acception hégémonique dépend de l’équilibre (ou du déséquilibre) des forces entre les acteurs sociaux dans chaque pays. Avec cet article, les auteurs analysent l’exemple de la flexicurité.
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