Drawing from contemporary research on social-cognitive processes and schemas, Pio Scilligo introduced a social-cognitive perspective into his theory and practice of transactional analysis. His distinctive model and understanding of ego states represents a significant development of Berne's original ego states theory, useful both clinically and in research. ______The ego states model is one of Eric Berne's most ingenious creations. It establishes both an interpersonal theory of personality and a modern approach to facilitating human growth and development. Berne's theory is also congruent with current research findings in the fields of relational psychoanalysis and object relations, attachment, and social-cognitive schemas. But little research has been done on Berne's theory itself. One primary reason is that Berne's definitions of the ego states are not well suited to research methodology, which requires operationally clear definitions and explanations in order to use quantitative procedures for prediction and control.
We report geochemical and epidemiological data as maps representing the patterns of toxic metal concentrations and some, potentially, related pathologies in the Campania region of Italy. The comparison of a particular element distribution with specific pathologies, at regional scale, has been carried out taking into account previous epidemiological research, that demonstrated the existence of relationships between anomalous concentrations of some metals and incidence of some pathologies. This study shows that some types of cancer are found in Campania, in areas characterized by relatively high concentration of heavy metals, though, in epidemiological study, correlation does not automatically imply causation. For instance, Zn-Cd-rich areas overlap with areas of high prostate-cancer mortality; bladder and pancreatic cancer are correlated with Pb-Sb-rich areas, whereas, bronchial-tracheal-lung cancer is correlated with As-, Cd-and Pb-rich areas.
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