Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), primarily targets the respiratory system. This study describes the characteristics associated with mortality among patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 at a single hospital in Baguio City, Philippines. Methods: We reviewed medical records (including history, laboratory results and treatment regimen) of 280 confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to a single hospital during March–October 2020. Clinical characteristics and outcomes (frequency and type of complication, recovery rate and mortality) were evaluated. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyse factors associated with mortality. Results: The mean age of COVID-19 patients was 48.4 years and the female-to-male ratio was 1.8:1. Hypertension, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes were the most frequent comorbidities reported. Common presenting symptoms were respiratory and constitutional, with 41% of patients not reporting symptoms on admission. Patients with moderate, severe and critical disease comprised 45%, 8% and 4%, respectively. A total of 15% had complications, health care-associated pneumonia being the most frequent complication. The recovery rate was 95%; 5% of patients died, with multiorgan failure being the most common cause. The presence of CVD, chronic kidney disease, prolonged prothrombin time and elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were associated with mortality. Discussion: Most COVID-19 patients in our population had asymptomatic to moderate disease on admission. Mortality from COVID-19 was associated with having CVD, chronic kidney disease, elevated LDH and prolonged prothrombin time. Based on these results, we emphasize that people should take all necessary precautions to avoid infection with SARS-CoV-2.

To determine the prevalence of the risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea among patients with uncontrolled Hypertension (HTN) seen at the OutPatient Department of the University of the Philippines-Philippine General Hospital METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study that enrolled 325 adult Filipino HTN patients seen at the outpatient department (OPD) of UP-PGH from January 2019 to July 2019. Participants also answered Berlin Questionnaire (BQ), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and the St. Lukes Medical Center-Obstructive Sleep Apnea Clinical Score (SLMC-OSACS) for their OSA risk. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the clinical characteristics of the patients. A chi-square test was used to analyze categorical data univariately. Logistics regression analysis was used to determine the association of the different independent variables with the outcome (dependent) variable. RESULTS: The risk of OSA was significantly high among uncontrolled HTN patients: 106 (60.7%) based on BQ (p<0.0001) and 68 (69.4%) based on SLMC-OSACS (p<0.0001). OSA risk among uncontrolled HTN was 6x higher (OR¼5.69; 95% CI¼3.49-9.28;p<0.0001) using the BQ and 4x higher (OR¼3.70; 95% CI¼2.19-6.26;p¼<0.0001) using the SLMC-OSACS than those with controlled HTN. Daytime excessive sleepiness was not significantly associated. Other variables significantly associated with high risk OSA were BMI and other comorbidities. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with hypertension, the risk of OSA based on the Berlin Questionnaire and SLMC-OSACS was significantly high among uncontrolled hypertension patients than those with controlled hypertension. Daytime excessive sleepiness noted with the ESS was not significantly associated with uncontrolled hypertension. Other demographic and clinical profile that were significantly associated with high risk OSA were BMI and other comorbidities (such as bronchial asthma, congestive heart failure) based on the SLMC-OSACS. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Utilizing these sleep questionnaires and determining the risk for OSA among patients with uncontrolled hypertension will lead to early evaluation of OSA and complications. Locally this will aid in improving detection and provide more strategic management of uncontrolled hypertension to decrease associated cardiovascular events. This will guide our clinicians to prioritize patients who would benefit referral to sleep specialists DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by Jamie Chua, source¼Web Response No relevant relationships by Angelica cruz, source¼Web Response No relevant relationships by Maria Lowella De Leon, source¼Web Response no disclosure on file for Manuel Jorge; No relevant relationships by Anna Katrina Tojino, source¼Web Response

We described the demographic characteristics of patients with uncontrolled T2DM and compared with high and low OSA risk, its association and correlation with quality of sleep. METHODS: Methodology:This is a prospective cross-sectional study among Uncontrolled T2DM.The questionnaires were Berlin Questionnaire (screen OSA-HR)and Epworth Sleepiness Score(level of sleepiness).Clinicodemographic profile and significant laboratory data were obtained. Descriptive statistics utilized. Chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables between patients with high vs.low OSA risk and to determine if an association exists between OSA-HR and sleep quality. RESULTS: 240 participants were included in the study. 88 males and 151 females. Overall prevalence of OSA HR among patients with uncontrolled type 2DM is 58.33%. Majority of the OSA-HR(105 /140) were 46 years old and above. There is a significant association of tonsillar grade,malampati score, BMI, HGBA1C, hypercholesterolonemia, and Epworth sleepiness on OSA High risk. There is also substantial association with age, BMI, mallampati score, tonsillar grade, hypertension, asthma, HbA1c and hypercholesterelonemia on the level of sleepiness of OSA-HR. In conclusion, there is a high prevalence of high OSA-Risk among patients with uncontrolled DM. Factors associated with high OSA-Risk among uncontrolled diabetes mellitus include Hba1c, dyslipidemia, BMI , Mallampati Score , tonsillar grade and Epworth Score CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, this study found that the prevalence rate of High risk OSA among type 2 uncontrolled Diabetes mellitus is 58.33% which is comparable to foreign literatures. Many patients with uncontrolled diabetes have higher risk for OSA. Factors associated with this higher risk include degree of sugar control (HbA1c), dyslipidemia, BMI, Mallampati score, tonsillar grading and Epworth scale. COPD, Asthma and uncontrolled hypertension are not correlated with OSA high risk but needs further investigation due to scarcity of cases recruited. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: A close follow-up and /or further definitive study (PSG) to confirm the results. It is recommended to increase the attention of our local health sector and department of Health in the provision of more sleep laboratories to correlate these results with a more definitive test for OSA. A creation of OSA club is recommended to follow-up those patients with High risk for OSA to prevent further complications and to provide a good glycemic control among T2DM. BQ and ESS plus sleep study should be incorporated as a screening test for patient with uncontrolled DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by Maria Lowella De Leon, source¼Web Response no disclosure on file for Manuel Jorge; No relevant relationships by Anna Katrina Tojino, source¼Web Response

INTRODUCTION Silent myocardial ischemia is frequent in type 2 diabetics, therefore, symptoms cannot be relied upon for diagnosis and followup in these patients. Various studies relate blood lipid levels to cardiovascular diseases, and several authors describe certain lipoproteins as independent predictors of ischemia.OBJECTIVE Identify blood lipid levels that predict silent myocardial ischemia in a type 2 diabetic population in Havana.

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