The article outlines the creation of a method for the development of tools to incorporate sustainability criteria in the field of architectural design. The aim of the research is to provide society with scientific knowledge related to sustainability, evaluating the environmental impact of their actions within the building sector, in a simple and direct manner through specific and contextualised tools. A specific tool is experimentally developed for the context of Seville, called Guide for a more Sustainable Architecture and Urbanism (GAUS), in its first document, GAUS-D1. Based on national and international documentary references, the method principles are defined, and an approach is adopted that prioritises communicative actions with the aim of reaching citizens, professionals, and researchers in the building sector. The specific experiment is developed with GAUS-D1, and an initial evaluation is made of its suitability and the validity of the proposed method. The approach followed ensures that the experience of developing this type of tool is internationally transferable to any other place. Further statistical verification of the use of the tool (which implies a defined testing strategy) is necessary so that the method can be consolidated as a national and international reference.
This article discusses the approach adopted by the researchers into citizen participation in urban regeneration actions and projects. It describes the concepts of sustainability and habitability in relation to the urban environment and architecture within the framework of improving the resilience of our cities through the circular economy and decarbonisation processes in architecture. The authors review the participatory dimension of different urban regeneration actions carried out in Spain and the impact of this dimension on the results obtained by environmental, economic and social urban improvements. They then define possible strategies and methodological tools for integrating this dimension into traditional urban regeneration processes. The article presents case studies and their specific characteristics, and draws conclusions about their effectiveness and relevance. It also compares citizen-led interventions with interventions led by public administrations. Lastly, the authors analyse the potential reasons for success in these processes and projects, identifying weaknesses and proposing possible strategies for future development by researchers.
This article presents a methodological proposal to address the urban issue from the perspective of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Different tools have been developed for this purpose: the Aura Method and the Aura Matrix. The Aura Matrix of relationships built from the SDGs, along with the conceptual proposals to which the project must respond, allows for the definition of a methodological framework of action, defined as the Aura Method, applicable to any project that aims to respond to the urban scale from a more sustainable and healthy approach and within the framework of the above-mentioned goals. Two proposals for the Solar Decathlon Latin America of the Aura Team from the University of Seville (2015 and 2019) in Cali, Colombia, and their comparison, are presented as case studies. The scope of the 2019 proposal based on the use of these tools is more rigorous and bold with respect to the requirements defined by the SDGs than the 2015 proposal, based on the millennium goals. This reinforces to a great extent the resilience of the urban scope under study and its capacity to face serious situations in terms of citizens’ health, such as the pandemic we are currently suffering, and improves life quality. The main findings lay on the defined Aura Matrix and Aura Method tools as pragmatic opportunities to translate conceptual approaches such as G3: ‘Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages’ into practical decisions and urban design proposals to improve the quality of life and health of citizens.
Using the physical construction of a prototype as an educational tool is not new, although it can be innovative in the current context of conceptual renewal linked to sustainable development. At the School of Architecture of Seville, there is a great research tradition on sustainability, but little is extrapolated into teaching. There is also a need for a significant improvement in education from the methodological point of view. In this sense, competitions provide an opportunity that defines a potentially rewarding situation for educational innovation. From this starting point, this research aims at verifying how the construction of a full-scale prototype, as an active educational methodological strategy and following a bioclimatic design methodology consolidated in said School of Architecture, allows achieving great results both in educational and bioclimatic terms. The educational methodology brings together the following guidelines: the workshop as an integrating environment for architectural learning; the construction of a prototype as an educational situation that transcends the architectural; the conceptualization of new challenges marked by sustainability and their practical and effective application to the architectural project, design, and architectural construction. All the tools are valuable and effectively respond to shortcomings detected and internalized in teaching-learning, and, consequently, architectural activities.
En aquest article es presenta el resultat d’un projecte de recerca basat en innovació educativa universitària. Aquest, ha combinat la tasca docent i investigadora en Arquitectura i Treball Social amb la implicació dels estudiants al pressupost participatiu de l’Ajuntament de Las Palmas de Gran Canària. L’objectiu de la recerca és analitzar el potencial de la transferència de tecnologia social i l’impuls de sinergies entre la ciutadania, els tècnics i els professionals en formació a les nostres universitats i les administracions públiques. Es desenvolupa mitjançant la formació universitària en matèria de participació ciutadana, basada en la metodologia daprenentatge-servei. Els Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible es conceben com el marc de treball de la proposta, brindant principalment a les disciplines d’arquitectura i treball social, l’oportunitat d’integrar els requeriments que implica el concepte de desenvolupament sostenible, des d’un enfocament basat en la millora de la governança urbana, amb la seva aplicació pràctica, mitjançant eines de planificació, disseny i gestió. El cas destudi es desenvolupa durant tres períodes de convocatòria dels pressupostos participatius i seguint quatre fases. L’èxit de les propostes presentades demostra les oportunitats potencials que suposa aquesta estratègia educativa i de transferència per a col·laboracions futures entre universitat i ciutadania. Al camp de l’arquitectura ens interessa ressaltar específicament que aquesta proposta planteja una manera diferent de concebre la creació arquitectònica, fomentant la tasca de l’arquitecte com a traductor o mediador entre el llenguatge de l’arquitectura i el medi urbà i la societat. This article presents the result of a research project based on educational innovation is presented here. This project combines teaching and research work in the degrees of Architecture and Social Work with the involvement of students in the participatory budgeting scheme of the City Council of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. The main goal of this research is to analyse the potential of the transfer of social technology and the promotion of synergies between citizens, technicians and professionals who are being trained in our universities, and public administrations. It is developed through university education in the field of citizen participation which is based on service-learning methodologies. The Sustainable Development Goals are conceived as the framework of the proposal, providing the disciplines of architecture and social work the opportunity to integrate the requirements implied by the concept of sustainable development. Its approach is based on the improvement of the urban governance, with its practical application, through planning, design, and the use of management tools. The case study is developed during three call periods for participatory budgetings and it consist of four phases. The success of the proposals presented demonstrates the potential opportunities that this educational and transfer strategy represents for future collaborations between the university and citizens. In the field of architecture, we are interested in highlighting that this proposal proposes a different way of conceiving architectural creation, promoting the work of the architect as a translator or mediator between the language of architecture and society. En este artículo se presenta el resultado de un proyecto de investigación basado en innovación educativa universitaria. Éste, ha combinado la labor docente e investigadora en Arquitectura y Trabajo Social con la implicación de los estudiantes en el presupuesto participativo del Ayuntamiento de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. El objetivo de la investigación es analizar el potencial de la transferencia de tecnología social y el impulso de sinergias entre la ciudadanía, los técnicos y los profesionales que se están formando en nuestras universidades y las administraciones públicas. Se desarrolla mediante la formación universitaria en materia de participación ciudadana, basada en la metodología de aprendizaje-servicio. Los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible se conciben como el marco de trabajo de la propuesta, brindando a las disciplinas de arquitectura y trabajo social principalmente, la oportunidad de integrar los requerimientos que implica el concepto de desarrollo sostenible, desde un enfoque basado en la mejora de la gobernanza urbana, con su aplicación práctica, mediante herramientas de planificación, diseño y gestión. El caso de estudio se desarrolla durante tres períodos de convocatoria de los presupuestos participativos y siguiendo cuatro fases. El éxito de las propuestas presentadas demuestra las oportunidades potenciales que supone esta estrategia educativa y de transferencia para futuras colaboraciones entre universidad y ciudadanía. En el campo de la arquitectura nos interesa resaltar específicamente que esta propuesta plantea una manera diferente de concebir la creación arquitectónica, fomentando la labor del arquitecto como traductor o mediador entre el lenguaje de la arquitectura y el medio urbano y la sociedad.
Using a novel approach based on the urban ecosystem services approach, this research explores the relation between socio-economic, architectonic and ecological factors in urban renewal processes. This deductive conceptual approach is based on the definition of an urban diagnosis and intervention model based on the concept of urban socio-ecosystemic services. This conceptual approach is applied to three research cases in Andalusia (Spain) neighbourhoods linked to participatory urban renewal processes. A model is inductively defined from these analysed case studies: the socio-ecosystemic services model, based on the conceptual frame, the development of particular instruments and the definition of a participatory methodological strategy. The results obtained in these urban workshops show that the socio-ecosystem model better integrates the relationships between the architectural, socio-economic and ecological dimensions in addressing the need for urban services and infrastructure and the quality of life in neighbourhoods. Citizens can formulate their needs and perceptions of the neighbourhood beyond traditional quantitative variables (i.e. number of car parks, average size of dwellings, population density, etc.), incorporating aspects such as urban landscape, air quality, urban noise, shaded rest areas and children’s spaces. All these perceptions are collected and transformed into proposals for neighbourhood improvement, which are assessed and prioritized by the citizens. Together with participatory processes, this approach can be considered as the key to success in urban renewal strategies in neighbourhoods. However, it is necessary to develop indicators and metrics of the relationships between the socio-economic and ecological dimensions that allow a more integrated study of the model at different urban scales.
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