This study performed the phytochemical screening and bioactivity of Celosia argentea leaves. The phytochemical profile of hexane (Hex), ethyl acetate (AcOEt) and methanolic (MeOH) extracts of C. argentea leaves was observed by Thin Layer Chromatography and spectrophotometric analysis. In the susceptibility test, the disk-diffusion technique was performed. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was assessed by microdilution. Minimum Microbic Concentration (MMC) was determined in the extracts which presented MIC. Antioxidant activities were measured using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picril-hidrazil (DPPH), determination of reducing power and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The results showed a higher content of phenolic compounds (252.02 ± 0.02 mg GAE/g) in the extract AcOEt, and of tannins (103.72 ± 0.004 mg/EAT/g) in MeOH; this was effective against Micrococcus luteus (inhibition of 24.7 ± 0.6 mm). MIC and CMM of the AcOEt for M. luteus were 0.06 and 0.25 mg/mL, respectively. The MeOH extract eliminated 70.4 ± 0.03% of DPPH radical, whereas AcOEt had greater reducing power (289.23 ± 0.05 mg AA/g) and TAC at a concentration of 250 µg/mL (89.6%). This study revealed that C. argentea has phytochemicals with bactericidal and fungicidal potential, in addition to elevated antioxidant power. Key words: antimicrobial, antioxidant, bioactivity.

Arboviroses são doenças causadas por vírus transmitidos por artrópodes e afetam as Américas, incluindo a América do Sul, onde provocam impactos na economia e na saúde pública. Entre os mais de 500 vírus registrados no Catálogo Internacional de Arbovírus, destacam-se os que causam dengue, febre zika e chikungunya. Assim, este artigo compreende um estudo descritivo baseado em dados secundários, onde são comparados aspectos biológicos e diagnósticos em relação a essas três enfermidades, bem como avaliamos sua presença, entre 2015 e 2020, nos países que integram a porção continental sul-americana. Apesar do considerável progresso feito nos últimos anos para melhor compreender os aspectos moleculares dos agentes etiológicos e das condições clínicas, o cenário é complexo e os três arbovírus causaram surtos na América do Sul, no período descrito, em proporções diferentes, e a dengue a mais comum, cujas taxas de incidência variam a cada ano analisado. O combate aos arbovírus deve ser permanente e requer políticas intersetoriais bem fundamentadas e responsabilidade individual. As intervenções governamentais precisam estreitar-se para implementar medidas de combate, e os sistemas de saúde e educação poderiam se alinhar de forma mais eficaz a fim de um trabalho mais forte de sensibilização que seja desencadeado desde os alunos da educação básica, auxiliando na educação continuada da população a favor da uma sociedade mais orientada e prudente. Também é necessário refletir sobre a eficácia dos sistemas de informações a fim de minimizar o problema da subnotificação, que impede de mostrar o real cenário dessas doenças.

Os linfomas são neoplasias caracterizadas por um ambiente tumoral imunocomprometido que induz processos inflamatórios cuja produção de células de defesa pode ser posteriormente afetada pela quimioterapia. Esses detalhes levam a supor que indivíduos com esses cânceres apresentam complicações clínicas mais graves quando contaminados pelo SARS-CoV-2, o que torna necessário a atenção para o correto manejo terapêutico. Assim, este estudo resume os medicamentos usados ​​no tratamento dos linfomas e na terapia experimental da COVID-19, e discute as possíveis interações esperadas entre os medicamentos. A maioria das interações medicamentosas ocorre por meio de alterações no metabolismo do sistema enzimático do citocromo P450 ou no transportador de efluxo da glicoproteína P (gp-P). Dependendo das combinações, pode haver aumento ou diminuição da concentração do medicamento e, consequentemente, aumento da toxicidade ou diminuição da eficácia, o que significa que a farmacocinética deve ser fortemente considerada para promover a segurança do medicamento e melhor manejo de pacientes com COVID- 19 e linfomas.

No abstract

This research determined the phytochemical profile and evaluated the photoprotective, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities in extracts of Clidemia capitellata leaves, obtained with hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. The phytochemical profile was determined through thin layer chromatography; tannins, flavonoids and total phenolics were measured; the antimicrobial activity was determined by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Microbicide Concentration in bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis; Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium smegmatis, and the yeast Candida albicans. Antioxidant activity was evaluated through the methods of Reducing Power, DPPH sequestration and phosphomolybdenum. The C. capitellata leaves show flavonoids, tannins, triterpenes, steroids, anthraquinones and essential oils; tannins, flavonoids and total phenolics were extracted in greater amounts with methanol, however, the acetate extract stood out in relation to antimicrobial activity, and none of the extracts showed photoprotective activity within the values established by Brazilian legislation.   Word keys: secondary metabolites. antioxidant. antimicrobial.

Henriettea succosa is a tree species consumed in abundance by birds, however, there is no report on its phytochemical profile and biological activity. This study performed the phytochemical screening and the antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of H. succosa leaves. The hexane (Hex), ethyl acetate (AcOEt) and methanol (MeOH) extracts of the leaves were evaluated for chemical composition by Thin Layer Chromatography and spectrophotometric analysis; the antimicrobial activity was determined by the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Microbicide Concentration (MMC); antioxidant activity was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, determination of the reducing power and the phosphomolybdenum complex reduction assay. The photoprotor action of the extracts was also evaluated. The results showed a higher content of phenolic compounds (444.08 ± 0.020 mg EAG/g) and tannins (414.37 ± 0.16 mg EAG/g) in the MeOH extract, which was effective against Staphylococcus aureus and Serratia marcescens, with MIC of 1 mg/ ml and CMM of 2 mg/ml. The MIC and MMC of AcOEt for Micrococcus luteus was 1 mg/mL, this was also considered the minimum concentration necessary for the Hex extract to act on the S. aureus strain. The MeOH extract showed greater antioxidant activity by the DPPH (79.09%) and reducing power (327.2 ± 0.00 mg EAA/g) methods, while the AcOEt extract showed greater activity by the phosphomolybdenum method (40.5%). However, none of the extracts showed a photoprotective effect against UV radiation. In summary, this study revealed that the leaves of H. succosa have secondary metabolites with bactericidal potential, in addition to antioxidant action.

Breast cancer (BC) is the cancer with the greatest epidemiological impact on the female population worldwide. The disease has a multifactorial etiology, with genetic implications that are not fully understood. In this context, genetic changes in the mismatch repair mechanism are notable for their potential relationship with BC, especially the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which are the most common type of genetic variation. The aim of this study was to evaluate for the first time the influence of the SNPs rs63751445 (A>G) of the MSH2 gene and rs863224614 (T>G) of the MSH6 gene for susceptibility to CM. For that, 100 samples obtained by histopathological examination of patients from the Northeast region of Brazil were used. The methodology used was the Didesoxy Single Allele Specific PCR (DSASP) method. Statistical analysis was performed by comparison with the control population (population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium) using Pearson's Chi-square and Fischer's exact tests. It was concluded that these two SNPs may be associated with susceptibility to BC in the studied population.