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Job search seems to be a daunting task for youngsters in the Spanish labor market, unfortunately so given that it is the best predictor of getting a job even during economic crisis. Accordingly, it is vitally important to find resources that promote youngsters’ job search. The present study examines the effect of psychological capital on job search through perceived employability in a sample of Spanish unemployed youngsters. We analyzed data of 568 Spanish unemployed youngsters aged 16–29 years using structural equation modeling. Results showed that unemployed youngsters who possess high levels of psychological capital also perceive more control over job search which is directly connected with their job search intention. Surprisingly, analyses also showed that perceived employability is not an antecedent of job search. Instead, psychological capital seems to be a more beneficial resource for keeping unemployed youngsters engaged in job search in an adverse economic context.

Background: Drawing on the impact of the COVID-19 global pandemic and its sanitary measures on coping strategies for preserving health, it is also necessary to add exposure to certain work stressors, such as burnout. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of the confinement situation caused by COVID-19 on the levels of self-perceived health and psychological capital in a sample of workers, as well as to analyze whether exposure to burnout before social isolation would help to explain the levels of health and psychological capital. Methods: Data were collected in a longitudinal design. Time 1 surveys (December 2019) were sent to a sample of 354 Spanish workers while in Time 2 (April 2020) the employees completed 235 questionnaires. Results: Our findings indicate a significant worsening of employees’ health perception (t = −4.13; p < 0.01) and psychological capital (4.10, p < 0.01) levels during mandatory confinement in Spain. Our results also revealed that emotional exhaustion is the only burnout dimension capable of explaining the variance of health while self-efficacy does regarding psychological capital. Conclusion: We conclude a significant reduction in self-perceived health and psychological capital during COVID-19 mandatory confinement, and that burnout acts as a predictor variable in both health and psychological capital variance.

El objetivo del estudio es analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la escala de resiliencia de Connor y Davidson (2003) en su versión reducida de 10 ítems desarrollada por Campbell-Stills y Stein (2010) y validada al español por Notario-Pacheco et al. (2011) en una muestra de 226 desempleados. Se llevó a cabo un análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC) que corroboró el modelo unifactorial. Siguiendo las aportaciones teóricas se propusieron las variables de salud psicológica, síntomas psicosomáticos y autoeficacia para analizar la validez de criterio. Las correlaciones entre las variables fueron estadísticamente significativas y siguieron la dirección teórica esperada. Se concluye que la versión española de 10 ítems de la CD-RISC de Connor y Davidson presenta adecuadas propiedades psicométricas para estimar la resiliencia en desempleados españoles.

In this work, we analyze various consequences of the phenomenon of mobbing on the health of a work sector with special characteristics: the agro fruit sector. For this purpose, we collected data from a sample of 396 workers (61 men and 331 women) belonging to this sector in the Region of Murcia (Spain). A questionnaire with the following measurement instruments was administered: a Spanish adaptation of the revised Negative Acts Questionnaire (Sáez, García, & Llor, 2003), the Psychosomatic Problems Questionnaire (Hock, 1988), and a measure of absenteeism. The results revealed a significant and positive relation between workplace mobbing and psychosomatic symptoms, but not with absenteeism. The implications of the results for future research are discussed. Keywords: mobbing, psychosomatic symptoms, absenteeismEn el presente trabajo analizamos distintas consecuencias del fenómeno del mobbing en el trabajo en un sector con características especiales como es el hortofrutícola. Para ello recogemos los datos de una muestra de 396 trabajadores (61 hombres y 331 mujeres) pertenecientes a este sector en la Región de Murcia. Se administró un cuestionario con los siguientes instrumentos de medida: NAQ-RE (Sáez, García y Llor, 2003), CPP (Hock, 1988) y una medida de absentismo. Los resultados indican la existencia de una relación significativa y positiva entre mobbing en el trabajo y síntomas psicosomáticos, pero no con el absentismo. Se discuten las implicaciones que para la investigación futura tienen los resultados obtenidos.

ResumenEl objetivo de este estudio es analizar las relaciones existentes entre las demandas de rol presentes en el puesto de trabajo, conflicto y ambigüedad de rol, la autoeficacia profesional y la salud autopercibida de acuerdo con el modelo Demandas-Recursos Laborales (JD-R model). Siguiendo los postulados de este modelo, la autoeficacia profesional tendría capacidad para mediar la relación entre las demandas de rol y la salud. Para verificar esta hipótesis, se obtuvieron datos de una muestra de 272 trabajadores de la Región de Murcia (M edad = 36.33, 47,5% mujeres). Los análisis de mediación se realizaron mediante el macro PROCESS para SPSS desarrollado por Hayes (2013). Los resultados mostraron que la autoeficacia profesional actúa como una variable mediadora en la relación entre las demandas de rol y el malestar autopercibido.Palabras clave: autoeficacia, demandas de rol, modelo JD-R, trabajadores. AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between role stress, professional self-efficacy, and self-perceived health using the Job Demands-Resources Model (JD-R model). The proposed model hypothesizes that professional self-efficacy mediates the relationship between role ambiguity and role conflict on the one hand, and self-perceived health on the other. To test this hypothesis, data were collected from 272 workers from southern Spain. Mediation analyses were performed using the macro PROCESS for SPSS developed by Hayes (2013). Results showed that role conflict, role ambiguity, and self-efficacy were significant predictors of self-perceived health. In addition, self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between role stress and health.

Palabras clave autores competencias profesionales; desempeño laboral; evaluación de personal; trabajo en equipo; casinos Palabras clave descriptores psicología organizacional; competencias laborales; España