Las scoping reviews nacen a partir de la necesidad de sintetizar evidencias desde un objetivo de revisión más amplio que el de las revisiones sistemáticas, pero sin perder su rigor metodológico; requieren partir de un protocolo previamente registrado en el que se incluyen los criterios de búsqueda, inclusión y exclusión. Las scoping reviews se caracterizan por revisar contenidos amplios respondiendo a preguntas de población-contexto-concepto (PCC) enfocadas en conceptos clave, metodologías específicas y lagunas del conocimiento, con fuentes de información heterogéneas (ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, estudios observacionales, información de blogs, sitios web, entrevistas, opiniones, congresos, estudios de metodología cualitativa, etc.) y presentan como producto final una síntesis informativa de toda la evidencia recopilada. Además de su utilidad en el mapeo de áreas emergentes del conocimiento, las scoping reviews son de utilidad en los trabajos académicos, pues permiten plantear los antecedentes y marco teórico para el desarrollo de un estudio (anteproyecto, proyecto de tesis), así como identificar vacíos de conocimiento que, a su vez, conllevan realizar nuevas preguntas de investigación y desarrollar nuevos estudios originales o revisiones sistemáticas.
Objectives To describe an e-Health intervention to improve vegetables and fruit intake among working Mexican adults, based on the Social Cognitive Theory. Methods We developed an e-Health intervention “neoser”, based on the Social Cognitive Theory and on results of a previous formative research conducted in a group of working adults. The main purpose of “neoser” is to increase vegetables and fruits intake (200 g per day, each). This study is a quasi-experimental pre-post single group. The participants recruitment will be carried out through e-posters by email and social media (Facebook and Instagram). Based on the literature, we consider a minimum sample size of 55 participants. “neoser” consists of 12 weekly sessions (nine educational sessions and three workshops) applying nine behavior change techniques targeting the constructs of the SCT. Strategies include support groups, reinforcement activities, a recipe book, and a handbook with activities and extra information to reinforce acquired knowledge and skills. “neoser” will be implemented through social media (Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp), Zoom sessions, website and YouTube channel. The sessions will last 45 minutes with 20 participants, maximum, per session. Participants will complete online questionnaires to evaluate knowledge and constructs of the SCT, and 3-day dietary records; anthropometric measured and biochemical assessments will be obtained at baseline and at the end of the intervention. The main results are the vegetables and fruit intake, constructs of the SCT and knowledge. The secondary results are weight, height, waist and hip circumference, body water and fat, muscle mass and biochemical analyzes (lipids profile and blood glucose). The comparison of the results will be performed using t-test, chi-square, confidence intervals and analysis of variance), with a significance level of P < 0.05. Results Not apply Conclusions This intervention could contribute to the adoption and maintenance of vegetables and fruit consumption in Mexican workers and promote the use of e-Health interventions as global well-being digital strategies. Funding Sources Postgraduate Incorporation and Permanence Program of the National Program of Postgraduate Quality (PROINPEP) from Universidad de Guadalajara
BackgroundUnintentional injuries are a significant issue of public health, accounting 60% of infant mortality around the globe. In Mexico, burns are the most frequent injury at home. This research explores parents risk perceptions about children’s injuries and burns.MethodsMultidimensional unfolding is a technique that maps ranking data into a low-multidimensional space that allows for a visual comprehension of the data. 28 parents of Guadalajara, Mexico (15 mothers, 13 fathers), were asked to sort three series of cards (adverse events, agents that could cause a burn, and people who take care of a child) by two different criteria: probability and severity. The last series was sorted only by probability.ResultsThe five perceptual maps have two dimensions, which show two sets of objects each: the subjects (the sample of 28 parents) as numbers, and the objects (either adverse events, agents that could cause a burn or people who take care of a child) as labels. The closer a number is to a label, the more probable or severe the label is considered by that number. Unfolding also permits for sub-dimensions or clusters in the configuration. Parents perceived as more probable to happen: fall, choking, and cut. They did not considered cut and fall as severe. Sun, hot liquids, and hot objects were the most probable agents. None perceived sun, ice, hot objects, smoke, and steam as severe agents. Mother and father were considered the least probable to experience a children’s injury.ConclusionsMultidimensional unfolding is an exploratory technique; ideal for research for the first time in Mexico, parents perceived risks or not. For example, smoke was perceived as not probable to cause a burn and ignore as severe. According to the World Health Organisation, burns include the respiratory damage resulting from smoke, being the most frequent cause of death. Parents were omitting important information. This is only the first step, is essential further investigation in this area.
BackgroundThe use of the technologies in the everyday life brings benefits and risks, being a lot of them in home. According to the World Health Organisation, 90% of injuries to young children occur in or around home. Burns being in this place, the most frequent injury in Mexico.MethodsMultidimensional unfolding is a technique that maps ranking data into a low-multidimensional space that allows for a visual comprehension of the data. 28 parents of Guadalajara, Mexico (15 mothers, 13 fathers), were asked about frequency of use of technologies; involving cooking equipment, light, and heat sources. Then they sorted them in a series of cards, by three different criteria: perceived risk, benefits and the necessity for law implementation in their use.ResultsThe most used technologies were gas stove, lighter, water heater, iron, matches and microwave. The least used technologies were oil lamp, fireworks, wood stove, gas grill and electric grill. The three perceptual maps obtained have two dimensions, which show two sets of objects each: the subjects (the sample of 28 parents) as numbers, and the objects (each technology) as labels. Parents perceived: more risks from fireworks and wood stove; most benefits from gas stove, water heater, and microwave; and the need of laws for fireworks.ConclusionsLaws are one of the most efficient ways to get people to adopt safe behaviours. Although it is important to consider that, people are more willing to accept laws for those things that they do not use or perceive as beneficial. In this case, parents did not use fireworks and also perceived them as risky without benefit and with the necessity of laws. Unlike the gas stove, being the most used, perceived with more benefits; without risks, and no need for laws. This is the first exploration in Mexico about the theme. An overwhelming majority of burns occur in house and kitchen; it requires further research about overconfidence and optimism bias around technologies.
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