Este trabalho apresenta um estudo do potencial de utilização do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar para fabricação de painéis de partículas aglomeradas utilizando resina poliuretana à base de óleo de mamona. A qualidade dos produtos foi avaliada com base nas prescrições do documento normativo NBR 14810 (ABNT, 2006b), com a determinação da densidade, do inchamento, da absorção, do Módulo de Elasticidade (MOE) e Módulo de Ruptura (MOR) na flexão estática. Após análise dos resultados, os painéis avaliados apresentaram densidade média de 0,93 g cm-3 , MOR e MOE médios 24,4 e 2432 MPa, sendo classificados, segundo os indicativos da norma ANSI A208.1 (1993), como material de alta densidade, recomendado para uso industrial. A resina à base de óleo de mamona mostrou-se eficiente como matriz polimérica para fabricação de compósito à base de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar.

This paper discusses the potential use of sugarcane bagasse in two different fiber lengths (5 mm and 8 mm) of the same density as a raw material for the production of particleboards, using castor oil-based two-component polyurethane adhesive. The quality of the product that can be manufactured industrially was evaluated based on density, thickness swell (TS), absorption (WA), modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR) in static bending and internal bond (IB), according to the Brazilian NBR 14.810:2006 standard. The results revealed a significant difference between the particleboards made with 5-mm-long fibers and those made with 8-mm-long fibers. An analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicates that the interparticle spaces are filled with castor oil-based two-component polyurethane adhesive, contributing to improve the physicomechanical properties of the particleboards. A durability assessment based on accelerated aging tests shows that waterproofed particleboards can be used in moist environments.

Tests simulating exposure to severe weather conditions have been relevant in seeking new applications for particleboard. This study aimed to produce particleboards with residues of CCB (chromium-copper-boron oxides) impregnated Pinus sp. and castor oil-based polyurethane resin, and to evaluate their performance before and after artificial accelerated aging. Panels were produced with different particle mass, resin content and pressing time, resulting eight treatments. Particles moisture and size distribution were determined, beyond panel physical and mechanical properties, according to NBR14810-3: 2006. After characterization, treatments B and G (small adhesive consumption and better mechanical performance, respectively) were chosen to artificial aging tests. Statistical results analysis showed best performances were achieved for waterproof aged samples, of both B and G treatments. As example, in treatment B, MOR and MOE values were 23 MPa and 2,297 MPa, samples before exposure; 26 MPa and 3,185 MPa, 32 MPa and 3,982 MPa for samples after exposure (non-sealed and sealed), respectively.

RESUMONo presente trabalho, considera-se o estudo do potencial de utilização de resíduos da casca de amendoim, com o intuito de agregar valor a este material, por meio da fabricação de painéis de partículas aglomeradas com resina ureia-formaldeído, prensados à temperatura de 100 , MOR 4,37 a 5,34 MPa e MOE 590 a 700 MPa, para painéis com e sem tratamento preservativo. É possível afirmar, baseando-se no documento normativo ANSI A208.1:1993, que o material apresenta potencial para utilização em ambientes internos, como revestimento superficial de residências, construções agrícolas, setor moveleiro e decorativo. Recomenda-se a intervenção no processo de fabricação do painel, para melhorar as propriedades mecânicas e possibilitar o uso estrutural do material. Palavras-chave:Resíduos agrícolas. painel de partículas. casca de amendoim. ABSTRACTIn this study, the potential use of residues of peanut husks was verified, in order to add value to these materials through the manufacture of panels of particleboards. For this procedure, it was used ureaformaldehyde resin and the panels were mechanical pressed at a temperature of 100 ºC. The quality of the panels was evaluated based on the prescriptions of the normative document ASTM D 1037:2006, through physical and mechanical tests of characteristics, such as: density, swelling in thickness, water absorption and static bending. The panels evaluated showed bulk density varying between 0,69 a 0,83 g cm -3 , MOR and MOE between 4,37 -5,34 MPa and 590 -700 MPa respectively, for panels with and without preservative treatment. It is possible said to claim, based in the normative document ANSI A208.1:1993, that the material presents a potential for use in internal areas as superficial covering of residential buildings, agricultural buildings, furniture and decorative sectors. Intervention in the board production process is recommended, in order to improve the mechanical properties of the material and enable its structural use.

pelo desprendimento, demonstrando tranqüilidade e compreensão nos momentos árduos, pela orientação correta, apoio constante, seriedade e amizade. Aos Profissionais do Laboratório de Madeiras: Professores Drs. Antonio Alves Dias e Carlito Calil Junior. Ao Professor Almir Salles pelo constante incentivo. A professora Akemi Ino origem inicial da caminhada acadêmica. Aos profissionais Silvio, Cido, Arnaldo, Samuel e Jaime. À secretária Tânia pela compreensão. Ao Roberto pela assistência paciente na área de computação. Ao Bragatto pelo auxílio constante no setor de revisão bibliográfica. Ao José Francisco pelo incansável e persistente trabalho prestado no desenvolvimento desta tese. A todos os colegas do LaMEM que de forma direta e indireta auxiliaram neste trabalho. Aos amigos Fabrício (paciência e persistência no momento de cumprimento de disciplinas), Cristiane, Elen, Alexandre Monteiro, todos profissionais que mais de perto acompanharam, passo a passo, esta tese apoiando e incentivando transmitindo força e amizade nos momentos difíceis. Aos meus familiares, pai (transmitindo toda experiência de sertanejo) mãe (companheira incansável) e irmãos e a Geraldo Antonio do Nascimento (in memorian), pelo incentivo e a certeza da finalização deste trabalho. Aos componentes da secretaria de Pós graduação e aos Professores da Interunidades pela paciência e dedicação. Ao Professor Dr. José Augusto Marcondes Agnelli, da UFSCAR, departamento de Engenharia de Materiais, pela colaboração nos ensaios de intemperismo artificial. Aos profissionais Adailton, Newton e Dora do IBAMA, da cidade de Natal, no Estado de Rio Grande do Norte, interligados ao Ministério de Meio Ambiente, pelos esclarecimentos sobre a região e fornecimentos das espécies de madeiras utilizadas neste trabalho.

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The focus of this research was to study the utilization of residues from bamboo (Dendrocalamus giganteus) lamination in the manufacturing of panels for structural purposes. Bamboo particleboards were produced under three conditions: pure boards, reinforced with bamboo laminas, and with treated particles. Castor oil-based polyurethane was the resin binder, in view of using lower toxicity materials. The mechanical tests were performed according to Brazilian Standard (NBR) 14810-3 (2006) and European Standard (EN) 310 (2000). The results were superior to those recommended by these and other standards for internal adhesion resistance, modulus of rupture, and elasticity in static bending, as well as to the results of other studies. Starch treatment was an unnecessary stage. According to the conditions of this process, the studied panels showed a good potential for construction use. Moreover, the bamboo particleboards are an economically viable, environmentally friendly, and sustainable alternative for the use of waste generated during the processing of Dendrocalamus giganteus bamboo species, allied with castor oil-based polyurethane resin. The reinforced particleboard and its production process are being licensed as an Innovation Patent in Brazil, (BR 1020130133919-1-2013).

The compaction rate, the relation between the density of the wood panel and the density of the wood used for producing the particles, is an indicator of the product's densification. Among the various types of wood panels, particleboards are widely employed in the lumber industry, mainly for the furniture production. This paper presents a study of the relation between the compaction rate and the properties of tensile strength perpendicular to surface, Modulus of Rupture (MOR) and Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) obtained from a static bending test, thickness swelling and water absorption (2 and 24 hours). These properties were calculated according to the Brazilian ABNT, NBR 14810 standard. Particleboards were produced using the species Pinus elliotti and adhesive ureaformaldehyde. The relation was established by a multiple linear regression, and the most appropriate statistical models were determined. The estimated models indicate statistically significant effects of water absorption in 2 hours and MOR in the particleboards' compaction rate