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The moderating role of age and gender differences in the relation between subjective well-being, psychopathology and substance use in Uruguayan adolescents* 1 O papel moderador das diferenças de idade e gênero na relação entre bemestar subjetivo, psicopatologia e uso de substâncias em adolescentes uruguaiosThe aim of this study is to explore the Subjective well-being (SWB) of school-going adolescents in Uruguay (N= 325; Mage= 14.67; SD= 1.62). We investigate age-and gender-specific relationships between psychopathology and substance use on the one hand, and subjective well-being on the other hand.Multivariate linear regression analyses, indicated five significant predictors of SWB: three psychopathology factors (depression-anxiety, social anxiety and dissocial behaviour), and age displayed a negative association, while one psychopathology factor (resilience) showed a positive association. When extending the multivariate linear regression analysis with interaction effects, significant interactions appeared regarding gender and resilience and age and substance use.Our study focuses on the necessity to have evidence-based results in order to plan appropriate preventive interventions with adolescents.

Purpose: This study explores risk and protective factors for alcohol use among school-going adolescents in Montevideo (Uruguay).Design: A self-report survey was administered to 331 school-going adolescents in Montevideo (Uruguay) (M age = 13; SD = .05), using (i) the alcohol screening instrument of the Uruguayan National Drug Board to assess adolescents' alcohol use(yes/no), (ii) a screening instrument for psychopathology and resilience (the Adolescent Self Report), and (iii) a socio-demographic questionnaire.Findings: Logistic regression analyses identified antisocial behavior, substance use and negative emotionality (F2), disruptive and dysregulated behavior (F8), higher age and recent death of a close relative as risk factors, while the number of close friends was identified as a protective factor for past year alcohol use (yes/no). No straightforward relationship was found between schools and the risk for the past year alcohol use. In addition, Age, F2, F8, and recent death of a close relative appeared to be the most robust predictors. Research implications/limitations:The study was the first in Uruguay to relate adolescents' alcohol use to risk and protective factors. Given the cross-sectional nature of the study, causal relationships could not be determined. Originality/value:The study provides preliminary recommendations for policy makers and other stakeholders involved in youth affairs on core elements to focus on school-, community-and familybased alcohol prevention programs for adolescents.

La investigación muestra que el bienestar subjetivo (BPS) es de gran relevancia en el periodo de la adolescencia; muchos investigadores enfatizan la importancia de una conceptualización concreta y multidimensional. En este estudio, nuestro objetivo fue explorar los factores predictivos de los dominios específicos del BPS en una muestra de estudiantes de entre 12 y 18 años en Uruguay. El Índice de Bienestar Personal (PWI) se utilizó para evaluar el nivel global de bps y los puntajes de sus siete dominios —nivel de vida, salud, logros, relaciones con otros (amigos y familia), seguridad, conexión con la comunidad y seguridad futura—. El Autoinforme de Adolescentes, la Encuesta Nacional sobre Alcohol y la prueba de detección de consumo de cannabis se utilizaron para evaluar la psicopatología y la resiliencia, el consumo de alcohol y marihuana, respectivamente. Los adolescentes reportaron mayor satisfacción con el dominio de conexión con la comunidad y menor satisfacción con el dominio de seguridad. Los análisis de regresión lineal multivariante indicaron la existencia de determinantes específicos para los diferentes dominios del BPS. El dominio de seguridad estuvo más influenciado por las variables de interés seleccionadas, mientras que estas tuvieron un impacto limitado en el dominio de salud. Se discuten las implicaciones para la prevención y las intervenciones en el contexto académico, dirigido a padres y maestros, y en la evaluación y tratamiento psicológico.

The objective of this work is to analyze the spatio-temporal distribution of Global Horizontal Irradiation (GHI) on a regional scale and its relationship with frequent synoptic situations in the south of the Pampeana region (Argentina). It was verified that the latitudinal pattern of distribution of the GHI is modified in the region by cloud cover, which is in turn determined by the seasonal dynamics of action centers and the passage of fronts in summer and winter. The South America Monsoon System (SAMS) defines differential situations of cloudiness and rainfall in the region, which affect GHI. GHI increased successively between the decades 1981–2010, a factor associated with the variability of rainfall that characterizes the region.

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