No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

In the last decades, the use of entomopathogenic fungi for the control of pest insects has increased globally, however a key step to achieve the successful application of fungal propagules as biocontrol agents depends of various factors, inoculum production being one of the essential stages for these microorganisms to be used in pest management programs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production of conidia by solid fermentation and biphasic culture in different sporulation matrices for four native isolates and a strain of Isaria fumosorosea that have been shown potential for the control of various insects at the laboratory level. The experimental design was completely randomized, two propagation methods were used with six treatments and ten repetitions per treatment; the data were analyzed using an analysis of variance and the means were compared using the Tukey test (p≤ 0.05). In the production by solid fermentation the minimum value of 5.30 × 10 5 conidia g -1 was registered with the pericarp of peanut and the maximum of 2.35 × 10 7 conidia g -1 in the corn grain; in the biphasic culture the minimum of 7.60 × 10 5 conidia g -1 was observed in birdseed and the maximum of 2.07 × 10 7 conidia g -1 in rice. The differences were significant (p ≤ 0.05) in the production by method and by substrate, in solid fermentation 6.84 × 10 6 conidia g -1 and in biphasic culture 8.85 × 10 6 conidia g -1 . In the production by substrate, the rice showed 1.75 × 10 7 conidia g -1 and the lesser canary seed concentration (7.80 × 10 5 conidia g -1 ). The average production per isolate and / or strain was of the order of 10 6 and significant difference was registered (p ≤ 0.05) among the fungi, the isolate HIB-9 showed concentration in average higher in the production (7.90 × 10 6 conidia g -1 ) and the isolated HIB-19 was the least effective, with only 1.08 × 10 6 conidia g -1 . The results obtained show marked differences between the isolates with respect to their capacity to use the different substrates used as propagation media to obtain conidia of I. fumosorosea.

Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a bacterial biopolymer with interesting features that make it useful in diverse areas of human development. The problem around this biomaterial is its high production cost, so researchers have focused their attention on the search of economic substrates to be used in the fermentation process. The present work is focused on designing a formulation based on mesquite honey and nejayote for cellular biomass and PHB generation by Bacillus cereus 4N, relying on the central compounds design and factorial design as statistical tools. The substrates employed were characterized by bromatological analysis and the biopolymer obtained from the fermentation process was analyzed by FT-IR. These results show that mesquite honey at 15 g/L influence a high cellular biomass