No abstract

This study investigated the effectiveness of XP-Endo Finisher (XPF) associated with XP-Endo Shaper (XPS) or Reciproc Blue (RB) files in reducing bacterial load in oval-shaped root canals (RC) during chemomechanical preparation (CMP) using 0.9% saline solution (NaCl) or 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Eighty mandibular incisors with single oval-shaped RC were contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis. The teeth were randomly assigned to eight experimental groups (n = 10) according to the CMP, as follows: G1: XPS, G2: XPS + XPF, G3: RB, and G4: RB + XPF. CMP was performed with NaCl or NaOCl. The reduction of bacterial load was assessed by colony-forming unit count before (S1) and after (S2) CMP. Data normality was verified by using Shapiro-Wilk test. ANOVA, Tukey's test, and Bonferroni post-hoc test were used at a 5% significance level. Culturable bacteria were present in all S1 samples (p>0.05). All instrumentation techniques were effective in reducing bacterial load, irrespective of the irrigating solution (p < 0.05). With the use of NaCl, RB was more effective than XPS (p = 0.035). With the use of NaOCl, XPS and RB presented similar effectiveness (p = 0.779). XPF enhanced the bacterial reduction of both systems tested (p < 0.05). The use of NaOCl improved the CMP, irrespective of the instrumentation technique used (p < 0.05). In conclusion, XPS and RB files are effective in reducing bacterial levels in oval-shaped RC. The use of XPF as a method of agitation of the irrigating solution improved the cleaning efficiency of both file systems tested. Mechanical preparation performed with saline solution decreased culturable bacteria from the root canal, but antimicrobial substances such as NaOCl should be used to achieve a significantly better disinfection.

No abstract

No abstract

The Books Review is drafted in the reviewer's sole wording and illustrates his opinions. This second edition of the book entitled "Applied Occlusion" is an essential contribution highlighting how important it is for dentists and students to understand the function of the teeth. Dental occlusion is felt throughout the entire postural system and therefore any dental treatment should be done in the occlusal balance. This book is divided into eight chapters. The first two chapters present normal occlusion in static and dynamic. The following two chapters focus on the effects of deflective contacts, interferences and parafunction and demystify the reorganization of the occlusion. Chapters 5, 6 and 7 tackle considerations relating to the periodontium, implant restorations and temporomandibular disorders. The final chapter contains details about occlusal examination, intercuspal registration, articulator selection, diagnostic waxing, copying anterior guidance, occlusal splints and occlusal adjustment. The clinical videos accompanying the book narrate the process of investigating and managing occlusal problems. This book is useful for dental students, clinical dental students and dental practitioners to understand the function of the teeth, and find much better solutions for occlusal disorders.

No abstract

Objetivo: avaliar a influência da ativação da substância química auxiliar (SQA) na redução de E. faecalis (E.f.) na dentina radicular contaminada (DRC). 90 pré-molares inferiores foram selecionados, raizes padronizadas em 15 mm, contaminadas com E.f. e divididas em 9 grupos (Gr) de acordo com a técnica de irrigação (TI): [convencional (C), com ativação sônica (AS) e com ativação ultrassônica (AUS)], utilizando como SQA clorexidina 2% gel (CLX), hipoclorito de sódio 2,5% (NaOCl) e soro (SS). Amostras coletadas antes/depois da TI foram inoculadas, incubadas e as unidades formadoras de colônia (UFC) contadas. 3 espécimes de 1mm foram obtidos dos terços radiculares (TR) [cervical (TC), médio (TM) e apical (TA)] e analisados pela Microscopia Confocal de Varredura a Laser (MCVL). Friedman/Wilcoxon compararam as CFU das amostras iniciais/finais; G. Kruskal-Wallis e U de Mann-Whitney compararam TI e TR em relação a células viáveis (CV). UFC mostrou que AS e AUS são mais efetivas que C, sem diferença entre AS e AUS (p <0,05) nos Gr do NaOCl e SS. MCVL mostraram que C deixou muitas CV nos túbulos dentinários (TD) (média de 74% CV), AS e AUS apresentaram melhores resultados do que C em todos os TR, sem diferença no TM e TA (média 45% CV) (p < 0,05). AUS obtiveram melhores resultados do que AS no TC (p <0,05). No Gr da CLX, AUS promoveu maior redução de E.f na luz do canal e nos TD do que AS (p < 0,05). Concluiu-se que a ativação da SQA otimiza sua ação e promove maior limpeza na DRC.

The present study evaluated the effectiveness of XP-Endo Finisher (XPF) associated with XP-Endo Shaper (XPS) or Reciproc Blue (RB) files in the reduction of Enterococcus faecalis in oval-shaped root canals. Eighty mandibular incisors with single oval-shaped root canals were contaminated with E. faecalis for 10 days at 37°C with centrifugation on alternate days. The teeth were randomly assigned to eight experimental groups (n=10) as follows: G1 – XP-Endo Shaper, G2 – XP-Endo Shaper + XP-Endo Finisher, G3 – Reciproc Blue, and G4 – Reciproc Blue + XP-Endo Finisher. Chemomechanical preparation was performed with saline solution (NaCl) or 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Microbial reduction was assessed by colony forming units (CFU/mL) count before (S1) and after (S2) CMP by using sterile paper points. ANOVA, Tukey’s test and Bonferroni’s post-hoc tests were used at 5% significance level. Bacteria were present in all initial samples (P>.05). All instrumentation techniques reduced bacteria, irrespective of the irrigating solution (P<.05). With the use of NaCl, Reciproc Blue was more effective than XP-Endo Shaper (P=.035). The association of XP-Endo Finisher improved the cleaning efficacy of both systems (P=.239). With the use of NaOCl, XP-Endo Shaper and Reciproc Blue presented similar effectiveness (P=.779). XP-Endo Finisher enhanced the bacterial reduction of both systems tested (P<.05). The use of NaOCl improved the CMP, irrespective of the instrumentation technique used (P<.05).