BACKGROUND Physical exercise is a well-established strategy to control blood pressure. Nonetheless, its effects on protein homeostasis in individuals with hypertension are not clearly defined. AIMS Evaluate proteostasis, quality of life, and inflammation, oxidative stress, and vasoactive biomarkers in adults with hypertension regarding reported exercise habits. METHODS Twenty individuals were recruited in a health-care centre, 10 regular exercisers (age: 68.3 ± 4.2 years) and 10 age-matched individuals without regular exercise participation (age: 67.7 ± 5.1 years). Proteostasis and the levels of ubiquitin, heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP-2), tissue inhibitor of MMP-2 (TIMP-2), connexin 43 (Cx43) and extracellular superoxide dismutase-3 (SOD-3) were assessed in plasma using immunoblotting techniques (western blot or slot blot) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Quality of life was assessed using the Short Form 36 (SF-36) version 2.0 questionnaire. RESULTS Significant higher levels of interleukin (IL)-6 (P = 0.014), eNOS (P = 0.011), Cx43 (P = 0.020), TIMP-2 (P = 0.038), and SOD-3 (P = 0.001), with a fold increase of 1.5, 1.2, 2.1, 1.3, and 1.2, respectively, were found in the exercise group. The overall quality of life (60.1 ± 4.3 vs. 53.2 ± 5.9, P = 0.009), as well as mental health domain (59.4 ± 7.9 vs. 50.7 ± 7.2, P = 0.024) were significantly higher in the exercise group. Multivariate analysis by FTIR showed that the age-matched group is characterized by peaks related with antiparallel β-sheet, whereas exercise group is characterized by peaks related to random coils, β-sheet, and α-helix. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with regular exercise participation showed better proteostasis, quality of life, inflammatory profile, antioxidant defenses, and eNOS levels.
It is widely accepted that exercise training has beneficial effects on vascular health. Although a dose-dependent relation has been suggested, little is known about the effects of different exercise durations on endothelial markers. This study aimed to assess the effect of single exercise sessions with different durations in the circulating levels of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and endothelial cells (CECs) among adults with cardiovascular risk factors. Ten participants performed two multicomponent exercise sessions, one week apart, lasting 30 and 45 min (main exercise phase). Before and after each exercise session, blood samples were collected to quantify EPCs and CECs by flow cytometry. The change in EPCs was significantly different between sessions by 3.0% (95% CI: 1.3 to 4.7), being increased by 1.8 ± 1.7% (p = 0.009) in the 30 min session vs. −1.2 ± 2.0% (p > 0.05) in the 45 min session. No significant change was observed in CECs [−2.0%, 95%CI: (−4.1 to 0.2)] between the sessions. In conclusion, a multicomponent exercise session of 30 min promotes an acute increase in the circulating levels of EPCs without increasing endothelial damage (measured by the levels of CECs) among adults with cardiovascular risk factors.
Systematic reviews are considered the highest level of evidence for decision making in health care issues. One of the first steps of a SR involves identifying all relevant clinical trials on the topic of interest. However, the retrieval of clinical trials in a database partially depends on the article indexing quality. The aim of this article is to evaluate the adequacy of indexing of clinical trials as a publication type in the LILACS database in a sample of articles published in cardiology journals. This cross-sectional study analyzed the indexing quality of clinical trials published between 2008 and 2009 in cardiology journals indexed in LILACS. Two independent reviewers identified and reclassified all original studies published in these journals as being clinical trials or other types of studies. The result of their classification was compared with the indexing publication type produced by LILACS. A total of 721 articles published in 11 cardiology journals were included. The reviewers classified 63 articles as clinical trials; 44 of these were correctly indexed in LILACS, while 19 were indexed as other types of studies (false negatives). The reviewers classified 658 articles as non-clinical trials; 651 were correctly indexed and 7 were incorrectly indexed in LILACS as being clinical trials (false positives). The sensitivity, specificity and global accuracy of LILACS indexing were 69.8%, 98.9% and 96.4% (695/721), respectively. Almost one third of the clinical trials published in LILACS-indexed Cardiology journals are not adequately indexed. The indexing quality of the studies published in these journals must be improved.Keywords: Indexing as topic. Bibliographic databases. Clinical trials as topic. Quality control. Periodicals as topic. Resumo As revisões sistemáticas são consideradas o mais alto nível de evidência para a tomada de decisão em questões de cuidados de saúde. Um dos primeiros passos de uma RS envolve a identificação de todos ensaios clínicos relevantes sobre o tema de interesse. Porém, a recuperação de ensaios clínicos em uma base de dados, depende em parte da qualidade da indexação. O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a adequação da indexação dos ensaios clínicos como tipo de publicação na base de dados LILACS, em uma amostra de artigos publicados em periódicos de cardiologia. Estudo transversal de análise da indexação dos ensaios clínicos publicados entre 2008-2009 em periódicos de cardiologia na LILACS. Duas revisoras identificaram e reclassificaram, de forma independente, todos os
Hypertension is the most determinant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Early intervention and future therapies targeting hypertension mechanisms may improve the quality of life and clinical outcomes. Hypertension has a complex multifactorial aetiology and was recently associated with protein homeostasis (proteostasis). This work aimed to characterize proteostasis in easy-to-access plasma samples from 40 individuals, 20 with controlled hypertension and 20 age- and gender-matched normotensive individuals. Proteostasis was evaluated by quantifying the levels of protein aggregates through different techniques, including fluorescent probes, slot blot immunoassays and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). No significant between-group differences were observed in the absolute levels of various protein aggregates (Proteostat or Thioflavin T-stained aggregates; prefibrillar oligomers and fibrils) or total levels of proteostasis-related proteins (Ubiquitin and Clusterin). However, significant positive associations between Endothelin 1 and protein aggregation or proteostasis biomarkers (such as fibrils and ubiquitin) were only observed in the hypertension group. The same is true for the association between the proteins involved in quality control and protein aggregates. These results suggest that proteostasis mechanisms are actively engaged in hypertension as a coping mechanism to counteract its pathological effects in proteome stability, even when individuals are chronically medicated and presenting controlled blood pressure levels.
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