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Pielęgniarki są ważnymi promotorkami zdrowia społeczności, więc muszą bardziej świadomie dbać o własne zdrowie, aby służyć jako rzeczniczki promocji zdrowia i wzory do naśladowania. Aktywność fizyczna jest jednym z istotnych wymiarów prozdrowotnych zachowań i zdrowego stylu życia. Celem niniejszego artykułu było porównanie aktywności fizycznej w czasie wolnym od pracy pielęgniarek i kobiet wykonujących inne zawody. Przebadano 100 pielęgniarek i 100 osób z grupy kontrolnej. Kontrolowano zmienne demograficzne, dobierając osoby badane „metodą doboru parami” pod względem dwóch zmiennych – miejsca zamieszkania oraz wieku respondentek. W badaniach posłużono się zbudowanym dla niniejszych celów badawczych kwestionariuszem ankiety. Badania ujawniły, że różnice dotyczą nie tyle form aktywności ruchowej, co jej częstości i jest to zazwyczaj związane z wiekiem badanych. Najczęstszymi formami aktywności fizycznej w obu grupach są spacery i jazda na rowerze, ale pielęgniarki podejmują je znacznie rzadziej, gdyż mają istotniej mniej czasu wolnego, zarówno w dni robocze, jak i wolne od pracy. Głównym motywem aktywności fizycznej dla pielęgniarek jest zdrowie (52%), zaś dla grupy kontrolnej przyjemność (35%). Pielęgniarki także istotnie częściej wykonują badania profilaktyczne oraz są przekonane o konieczności prowadzeniu zdrowego stylu życia.
A b s t r a c t . Introduction. Research on the literature shows different and sometimes contradictory data about the physical activities of women and men. Aim. The goal of the research study is to compare selected aspects of physical activity in women and men. Material and methods. 100 men and 100 women were selected and tested using the "pairing method" and examined in terms of four variables: place of residence, education, marital status and age. A specially prepared survey questionnaire was used. Results. Men and women differ in terms of certain aspects of physical activity (especially its types), while their motivations and limitations only slightly differ. Conclusions. Women significantly more often prefer walking as a physical activity, while men prefer running, swimming, and using the weight room and gym for team sports. On working days, women have significantly less free time than men. The only motivating factor for physical activity that differentiates both groups is the "beauty" motif that is more often present in women. The groups do not differ in terms of obstacles keeping them from undertaking physical activity, although women more often reported a lack of time.
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Currently, the role of nurses in healthcare is growing. Each day more demanding and responsible, practical tasks are put in front of them. They also have a leading role in the field of health promotion and professional knowledge about a healthy lifestyle. Due to their medical knowledge, they are expected to have a conscious, rational and critical attitude towards shaping and observing prohealth behaviours in their lives. The aim of this study is to compare the selected health behaviours of nurses. The research included 100 nurses and 100 women doing other professions. The respondents were tested with the matched pair-selection method, taking into consideration two variables: place of residence and age. The survey questionnaire was used. The nurses show similarities with respect to some health behaviours and show significant differences in the consumption of alcoholic beverages (the amount and kind) or regularity of preventive checks in comparison to others. The profession of nurses due to its' specificity and requirement of constant care for ill person results in a very high level of stress. Nurses feel permanent pressure, which entails permission to use stimulants such as coffee, alcohol and to a lesser extent-smoking. Their role as promoters of a healthy lifestyle means that they try to take care of health through control or preventive examinations.
A b s t r a c t. The importance of work in the lives of women and men is conditioned by many variables, which in many ways can influence the fact of employment for both sexes. These conditions are of historical, social, cultural, psychological background and related to the current situation on the labor market in the region. This article has an empirical character. Its purpose is to determine the differences in the assessment of men and women in four areas of the professional life: 1) job satisfaction; 2) the possibility of self-fulfillment at work; 3) the quality of the atmosphere in the workplace; 4) The reconciliation of working and family life. We applied the method of selection pairs mostly similar in terms of demographic characteristics of 100 men and 100 women aged from 20 to 64 currently active professionally. The applied method allowed the inference that there are areas of the professional life, in which men and women differently perceive their work situation. Which are: wage conditions, opportunities for promotion and development, the need to engage temporarily in the professional work, the resulting stress and the possibility of self-fulfillment outside of work.Key words: professional work; sex; women in the labor market; men in the labor market; job satisfaction.Dr hab. MARIA CHUCHRA, prof. KUL − Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Instytut Nauk o Rodzinie i Pracy Socjalnej, Katedra Zdrowia Publicznego; adres do korespondencji: Al.
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