This study evaluated changes in energy expenditure in six to eightyear-old children after a two year pedagogical intervention on healthy habits. Methods: This was a longitudinal descriptive observational study in children at a private school in Bogotá. Outcomes: change in the average energy expenditure (Kcal/day) and time dedicated to physical activity. The children's physical activity(PA) was objectively assessed for six days using a multi-sensor device (Actiheart®). Results: A total of ten girls (52.63%) and nine boys (47.37%) were included. At the end of the follow-up, the energy expenditure had increased by 457.30 Kcal/day (p < 0.001), activities requiring <1.5 MET had decreased by 237.40 minutes (p < 0.001), and physical activity between 3-6 MET had increased by 88.90 minutes(p = 0.001). Conclusions: Children decreased their sedentary lifestyle and increased energy expenditure and physical activity, suggesting a possible change in them as a consequence of the intervention.
We find evidence suggesting that economies with a tax structure more oriented toward indirect taxes –rather than direct taxes– tend to mitigate the effect of terms of trade shocks on output fluctuations. This finding might be particularly important for lower-income countries since the negative welfare effects caused by macroeconomic volatility in the absence of consumption-smoothing mechanisms are more severe in developing economies exposed to external shocks. Additionally, some of these economies are attempting to reorient their tax structure toward more direct taxes following the standards in advanced economies.
Transport of livestock constitute a large welfare problem in most of South American countries. With the aim to provide a solution and applying the knowledge of the automotive and metal-mechanic industry, a device was designed and constructed in Uruguay that consists of an elastic strip placed inside the cage of a truck and a pneumatically activated steel fins that act as "funnel" to cover the door frames, both inside the trailer and in the main door of the truck. Validation consisted in comparing 19 pairs of identical trucks (brand-model-year-maintenance), one vehicle with PROGAT ® and another without it. Both leaving the same farm, day, time and route, arriving together to the same slaughter plant. Trained observers recorded the loading/unloading of 1,177 animals and the presence of carcass bruises, their location and depth. Results showed that carcasses of animals transported in a PROGAT ® vehicle had a significantly lower proportion of bruises than those of a common vehicle. In the truck with the device, no bruises degree 3 (the deepest, with significant muscle loss) was recorded. Data showed that animals transported in a conventional vehicle had 1.6 more probability of presenting at least one bruise (p <0.001). It is concluded that PROGAT ® device installed in a vehicle transporting cattle constitutes a protection factor against potential impacts during transport by land and related maneuvers.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.