EBV-mononucleosis is a widespread infectious disease, and also it is an urgent problem of the whole world. The purpose of the research was to study the clinical and laboratory features of EBV-mononucleosis in hospitalized children of different ages in modern conditions. Under the supervision were 136 children aged from 1 year to 18 years. All of the patients had typical and mainly (85%) moderate form of the disease, and 15% of them patients had a severe form of the disease. The results: more severe fever and lymphadenopathy were observed in children older than 3 years. Acute tonsillitis was present in all hospitalized children. Adenoiditis and hepatosplenomegaly were greater in the group of patients of a younger age. Hyperfermentemia was determined in more than half of patients, more often in children over 12 years old. In the hemogram leukocytosis and monocytosis were mostly noted. Atypical blood mononuclear cells were detected in 89% of patients. Patients got complex etiopathogenetic therapy.
The pandemic of a new coronavirus infection in the world, including in Russia, was the basis for a detailed analysis of the disease features in children hospitalized in the only specialized hospital in Saint Petersburg. The purpose — is to analyze clinical and epidemiological data and approaches to the treatment of COVID-19 in children based on the functioning of the specialized infectious hospital, which was the first in such a megalopolis as Saint Petersburg to be deployed to work with the new coronavirus infection from January 2020 to the present. Material and methods. Based on a retrospective continuous single-center study, we analyzed 206 medical records of inpatient children aged 0 to 18 years who were treated in the Infectious Department № 7 of the Filatov municipal hospital № 5 in Saint Petersburg with a diagnosis of COVID-19 from March to June 2020. The mandatory selection criterion was laboratory confirmation of the COVID-19 diagnosis — a positive result of PCR of SARS-Cov-2 RNA in nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal smears. The article is descriptive in nature. Results. It was found that children older than 3 years prevailed among the patients (71,5%, n = 147). Family contact with adults prevailed (54,9%, n = 113). COVID-19-ARVI was diagnosed in 81,4% (n = 168) of children, pneumonia was diagnosed in 18,6% (n = 38) of cases, and in 1,9% (n = 4) of cases it was asymptomatic. Mild forms of the disease prevailed (76,2%, n = 157), severe ones occurred only in 1,9% (n = 4) of patients. In 30,7% (n = 63) of cases, patients were admitted to a hospital late (in the second week of the disease). It was found that the clinical picture was dominated by fever (78,6%, n = 162), which lasted more than 5 days in 22,3% (n = 46) of cases, pharyngeal hyperemia — 84,5% (n = 174), cough — 51,2% (n = 105), symptoms of intestinal dysfunction — 19,4% (n = 40), anosmia — 9,9% (n = 20), exanthema — 7,8% (n = 16), sternal pain — 9,9% (n = 20). Recombinant interferon alpha-2b, umifenovir, lopinavir/ritonavir, anticoagulants, macrolides, and cephalosporins were used in the treatment of children. All patients showed positive dynamics with favorable outcome after treatment. All patients were discharged with clinical recovery. In 84,4% (n = 174) of patients sanation of nasopharynx и and fauces took place in hospital, in 62,1% (n = 128) of cases virus discharge took place on the 10–12 day, in other cases after 2–4 weeks. Conclusion. COVID-19 in children in a megalopolis has specific features compared with other ARVIs, but therapy principles are similar, implying taking into account the disease severity and early start of etiotropic treatment with the whole range of available antivirus drugs allowed for children and having an evidential basis, which was confirmed in the present research.
The new coronavirus infection (COVID-1 9) is a socially significant problem around the world. According to available statistics, complications are less common among children, asymptomatic or mild forms of the disease prevail more often.This article presents the features of the viral landscape of the upper respiratory tract in children with ARVI in a pandemic, the clinical and laboratory features of the course of COVID-1 9 in children of different ages.It was found that SARS-CoV-2 is detected only in a third (32.9%) of hospitalized patients with respiratory symptoms, in 4.3% of cases — in combination with seasonal CoV-OC43 / CoV-229E, in 1 1.6% — with other respiratory viruses. The most frequent source of infection with the SARS-Cov-2 were family members. Children with a moderate form of the disease predominated among the patients. The leading symptoms of COVID-19 were fever, catarrhal symptoms, as well as gastrointestinal manifestations and anosmia. A feature of the new coronavirus infection in newborns and children of the first month of life was the absence of fever and intoxication, the lack of expression of catarrhal manifestations when the colon is involved in the pathological process (colitis, rarely — hemocolitis). In the compete blood test in children under the age of one year, monocytosis prevailed, in children over 7 years old — leukopenia and accelerated ESR. Among the changes in the biochemical analysis of blood, the most common was an increased C-reactive protein.
Mumps currently is a vaccine-preventable infections. However, mumps still remains an urgent problem all over the world, due to periodic increases in the incidence in older children (including the vaccinated ones against this infection), in adults (the disease often does not go smoothly with involving various organs in the pathological process and systems). The literature describes the various adverse effects of male mumps, including infertility, testicular atrophy, testicular tumors, impotence, gynecomastia, etc. The article provides information on the incidence of mumps in the Russian Federation and St. Petersburg, the clinical manifestation of the infection. It was noted that in adolescent boys and men, the presence of orchitis (orchoepididymitis) is a frequent symptom of the disease. It is shown in the article, that testicular inflammation rate increases with age of patients. A brief description of modern methods of laboratory diagnostics and therapy is given in accordance with clinical recommendations and treatment standards. A clinical case of mumps, combined severe form (mumps + orchoepididymitis), in a 17-year-old boy is presented in this article. The features of the course of the disease, the results of laboratory and instrumental examination and treatment have been analyzed in this item. Conservative therapy (antiviral and antibacterial) of mumps, as well as timely surgical treatment of orchoepididymitis, led to a complete clinical and laboratory recovery of the patient.
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