Four new clerodane diterpenes, casearinols A and B (1 and 2) and casearinones A and B (3 and 4), were isolated from the leaves of Casearia guianensis. These immunomodulatory compounds have been structurally elucidated primarily on the basis of 2D NMR analysis and spectral data comparison with known compounds. These compounds inhibited the binding of T-cell leukocyte function antigen 1 to intercellular adhesion molecule 1.

PLASTIC SURGERY 2015, Abstract Supplement 4 Figure 1. Mean density of iliac bone grafts and BMP/DBM grafts at 6-9 months were identical: 1.38 g/cc (SD: 0.28). A one tailed ANOVA test comparing means showed no statistical significance (p=0.999).Figure 2. At 6-9 months, patients with BMP/DBM grafts had an average of 31.6% bone fill (95% CI: 24.2-38.5%) vs. 32.5% (95% CI: 22.1-42.9%) in the iliac bone population. No difference between means (p= 0.836). CONCLUSIONS:Here we demonstrate that BMP/DBM is equivalent at 6-9 months to iliac crest grafts, in terms of bone fill within the alveolar cleft site and overall regenerated bone density. These CBCT data contradict the conclusions that are drawn from occlusal radiographs alone; complete bony reconstitution as measured by the Bergland scale on 2D radiographs is unlikely to correlate with true obliteration of the cleft site, as the postoperative CBCT images at 6-9 months show significant bone gaps within the space. This study is the first to apply 3D imaging to understand bone regeneration in the context of secondary alveolar cleft repair.

weights in unilateral breast reconstruction. As such, low BMI may not present a barrier in the reconstruction of a breast mound matching native breast size. PURPOSE:Children with Robin sequence (RS) are usually thought to have increased risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), given their patho-anatomy. To compare sleep parameters in children with and without RS, we analyzed patients with clefts who underwent surgery followed by polysomnography (PSG). Our hypothesis is that patients with RS would have overall worse sleep outcomes. METHODS:Patients in our cleft center were reviewed from 2009 to 2014 for those who underwent PSG studies. Patient factors were collected, including demographics, cleft type, status of Pierre Robin sequence, and type of procedure. Outcomes were assessed with Fisher's Exact, Chi-Square, and Mann-Whitney U tests, with OSA, defined as apnea hypopnea index >1, categorized as: none (AHI ≤ 1), mild (AHI >1, <5), moderate (AHI ≥5, <10), and severe (AHI ≥10).

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PURPOSE:Detecting intracranial hypertension in children with craniosynostosis may enable earlier intervention to prevent neurocognitive impairment, but is invasive and frequently equivocal with conventional methods. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) can noninvasively quantify optic disc thickness with high resolution using ultrasound. We aim to determine whether OCT can be reliably used to measure retinal thickness of infants with craniosynostosis, and whether findings correlate with clinical indications of papilledema and intracranial hypertension.