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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Dersalazine sodium (DS) is a new chemical entity formed by combining, through an azo bond, a potent platelet activating factor (PAF) antagonist (UR‐12715) with 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA). DS has been demonstrated to have anti‐inflammatory effects on trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS)‐induced colitis in rats and recently in UC patients in phase II PoC. There is Increasing evidence that Th17 cells have an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of this study was to further characterize the anti‐inflammatory effects of DS. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Effect of DS (10 or 30 mg·kg−1 b.i.d.) on TNBS‐induced colitis in rats was studied after 2 and 7 days with special focus on inflammatory mediators. Additionally, its anti‐inflammatory properties were analysed in two different models of dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)‐induced colitis, BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, the latter being dependent on IL‐17. KEY RESULTS DS, when administered for 7 days, showed intestinal anti‐inflammatory effects in TNBS‐induced colitis; these effects were observed both macroscopically and through the profile of inflammatory mediators (TNF, IL‐1β, IL‐6 and IL‐17). Although the 2 day treatment with DS did not induce intestinal anti‐inflammatory effects, it was sufficient to reduce the enhanced IL‐17 expression. DS showed beneficial effects on DSS‐induced colitis in C57BL/6 mice and reduced colonic pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐1β, IL‐6 and IL‐17. In contrast, it did not exert intestinal anti‐inflammatory effects on DSS‐induced colitis in BALB/c mice. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS DS exerts intestinal anti‐inflammatory activity in different rodent models of colitis through down‐regulation of IL‐17 expression.

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On the basis of these results, although the DNFB/DNS model can display some features found in human UC, it should be considered as a model for the study of the intestinal hypersensitivity seen, for example, during food allergy or irritable bowel syndrome but not intestinal inflammation per se.

We conclude that HC-BKV is a frequent complication after allo-HSCT. CDV therapy can be effective but controlled clinical trials are needed.

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