There is a positive association between implant primary stability and bone mineral density of the receptor site. However, the methodological quality and control of bias of the studies should be improved to produce stronger evidences.

We have previously demonstrated that a linalool-rich essential oil from Croton cajucara Benth presents leishmanicidal activity. In the present study, we demonstrate that this essential oil inhibits the growth of reference samples of Candida albicans, Lactobacillus casei, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus sobrinus, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus mutans cell suspensions, all of them associated with oral cavity disease. The purified linalool fraction was only inhibitory for C. albicans. Microbes of saliva specimens from human individuals with fixed orthodontic appliances, as well as the reference strains, were used to construct an artificial biofilm which was exposed to linalool or to the essential oil. As in microbial suspensions, the essential oil was toxic for all the microorganisms, while the purified linalool fraction mainly inhibited the growth of C. albicans. The compounds of the essential oil were separated by thin layer chromatography and exposed to the above-cited microorganisms. In this analysis, the proliferation of the bacterial cells was inhibited by still uncharacterized molecules, and linalool was confirmed as the antifungal component of the essential oil. The effects of linalool on the cell biology of C. albicans were evaluated by electron microscopy, which showed that linalool induced a reduction in cell size and abnormal germination. Neither the crude essential oil nor the purified linalool fraction is toxic to mammalian cells, which suggests that the essential oil or its purified components may be useful to control the microbial population in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances.

No abstract

No abstract

Objective: To investigate whether there is evidence to support the association between cortical thickness (CtTh) and the primary stability of mini-implants (MI). Materials and Methods: A search was performed including articles published until September 2013. The inclusion criteria comprised observational clinical studies conducted in patients who received monocortical MI for orthodontic anchorage and in vivo or ex vivo experimental studies performed to evaluate the primary stability of MI, studies that evaluated the association between CtTh and MI primary stability, CtTh measurement performed numerically, and MI primary stability evaluated by implant stability quotient value, Periotest value , pull-out strength, or insertion torque. Studies conducted exclusively in artificial bone or finite elements were excluded. Results: Abstract and title reading identified 15 possible articles to be included. After reading the complete text, three were excluded. One article was found by hand searching and another excluded for an overlapping sample. Finally, 12 articles were selected. A positive correlation was found between primary stability and CtTh when studies that evaluated primary stability through PS were grouped (r 5 .409) and when studies that evaluated stability in humans were grouped (r 5 .338). Conclusions: There is a positive association between MI primary stability and CtTh of the receptor site. However, there is still a lack of well-designed clinical trials.

No abstract

No abstract

The aim of this study was to assess by means of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans the transverse effects on the nasomaxillary complex in patients submitted to rapid maxillary expansion (RME) using Haas expander in comparison to untreated individuals. This prospective controlled clinical study assessed 30 subjects (18 boys and 12 girls) with mixed dentition and during pubertal growth. The treated group was submitted to RME with Haas expander, retention for six months and a six-month follow-up after removal. The control group matched the treated group in terms of age and sex distribution. CBCT scans were taken at treatment onset and one year after the expander was activated. Maxillary first molars (U6) width, right and left U6 angulation, maxillary alveolar width, maxillary basal width, palatal alveolar width, palatal base width, right and left alveolar angulation, palatal area, nasal base width, nasal cavity width and inferior nasal cavity area on the posterior, middle and anterior coronal slices were measured with Dolphin Imaging Software(r) 11.5, except for the first two variables which were performed only on the posterior slice. All transverse dimensions increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the treated group in comparison to the control, except for alveolar angulation and inferior nasal cavity area (P > 0.05). Results suggest that increase of molar, maxillary, palatal and nasal transverse dimensions was stable in comparison to the control group one year after treatment with RME.