Background:Following the extraction of a tooth, bone resorption can cause significant problems for a subsequent denture implant and restorative dentistry. Thus, the tooth extraction socket needs to be maintained to reduce the chance of any alveolar ridge bone resorption.Objective:The objective of this study is to determine whether the administration of mangosteen peel extracts (MPEs), combined with demineralized freeze-dried bovine bone xenograft (DFBBX) materials for tooth extraction socket preservation, could potentially reduce inflammation by decreased the expression of nuclear factor κβ (NfKb) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κβ ligand (RANKL), to inhibit alveolar bone resorption, and increased of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) expressions to accelerate alveolar bone regeneration.Materials and Methods:This study consists of several stages. First, a dosage of MPE combined with graft materials was applied to a preserved tooth extraction socket of a Cavia cobaya. Second, the C. cobaya was examined using immune histochemical expression of NfKb, RANKL, BMP2, as well as histology of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. The research was statistically analyzed, using an analysis of variance test and Tukey honest significant difference test.Results:The results of this research were that it was determined that MPEs combined with graft materials on a preserved tooth extraction socket can reduce NfKb, RANK, and osteoclasts also increase of BMP2 and osteoblast.Conclusion:The induction of MPEs and DFBBX is effective in reducing inflammation, lowering osteoclasts, decreasing alveolar bone resorption, and also increasing BMP2 expression and alveolar bone regeneration.

Purpose The aim of this study is to asses the relationship between the level of sIgA and dental caries experience in healthy children who are 6- to 9-years-old from Indonesia. The case-control study is conducted to determine the protective role of salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) levels in the stimulated whole saliva of dental caries-active and caries-free children. Methods This research was done by stimulating the whole saliva which had been collected from 6- to 9-years-old children with the index def-t ≥3 of 30 children as the caries-active children group and 30 children with def-t <3 as the low caries-active children group. Saliva samples were collected in sterile vials between 10 am-12 pm due to the circadian rhythm, which is at least one hour after last meal. 1,5 ml of collected salivary sample was centrifuged, then the supernatants was transferred to other tube and stored immediately to the laboratory at a temperature of –20 °C. The estimation of sIgA concentration was done by using ELISA. The differences in the level of sIgA between the two groups with caries were analyzed using the t -test afterward. Results The total salivary concentration of sIgA was statistically significantly higher in the low caries-active children group than in the caries-active children group. Conclusion The total salivary concentration of sIgA was statistically and significantly higher in the low caries-active children group than caries-active children Group. There is a negative correlation between sIgA level and dental caries activity of 6 to 9-years-old children.

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