The Six Sigma DMAIC can be considered a guide for problem solving and product or process improvement. The majority of companies start to implement Six Sigma using the DMAIC methodology. The paper deals with application of Six Sigma using the DMAIC methodology in the process of product quality control. The case study is oriented on the field of metallurgical operations. The goal of the Six Sigma project was to ensure the required metallurgic product quality and to avoid an increase in internal costs associated with poor product quality. In this case study, a variety of tools and techniques like flow chart, histogram, Pareto diagram, analysis of FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) data, cause and effect diagram, logical analysis was used. The Sigma level has improved by approximately 13%. The achieved improvements have helped to reduce the quantity of defective products and the processing costs (technology for re-adjusting). Benefits resulting from the DMAIC implementation can be divided into three levels: the qualitative, economic and safety level.

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Continuously growing needs of society brings with it the development of industry, new technologies and use of new types of hazardous substances. Each transport of hazardous substance entails some risk of incident. This article deals with problems of transporting of dangerous goods by rail. The paper describes the Directive, which forms the basis of the transport of dangerous goods. In the next chapter, article describes of procedure for international rail transport of dangerous goods (RID) and the system of risk identification for railway transport. The conclusion of the article describes the advantages and disadvantages of transporting of dangerous goods by rail.

The authors within the scientific contribution present the logistics of laboratory experimenting with strengthening the stressed surface layers of machine parts. The project for strengthening the surface layers was conducted without the use of ultrasonic strengthening via the newly developed device with a static pressing force. Emphasis was placed on the stage of identification of samples surface layers, their microstructure, roughness and hardness after lathe turning and shot peening as well as on the wear of the used forming element after shot peening. The process of experiment results in the modelling of technological conditions and parameters of a newly-designed and verified technology with formulating the logistics steps for practical use. Logistics can be seen, in addition to a structured arrangement of relationships and activities, as a control system process able to efficiently use available resources in terms of time and value within the various activities at the lowest costs incurred.

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In addressing issues related to technology or quality refractory products are among the supporting documents experimental results of the tests. These more or less extensive data sets characterize with some precision observed phenomenon, e.g. some physical or chemical quantity. The role of statistical processing of data from this perspective, the maximum concentration sometimes extremely abundant, but few clear set of experimental data and determine the "seriousness" of this file. When processing data it is to be noted that these characteristics are not fully observed variable, but only a selected part.

The digital twin (DT) is undergoing an increase in interest from both an academic and industrial perspective. Although many authors proposed and described various frameworks for DT implementation in the manufacturing industry context, there is an absence of real-life implementation studies reported in the available literature. The main aim of this paper is to demonstrate feasibility of the DT implementation under real conditions of a production plant that is specializing in manufacturing of the aluminum components for the automotive industry. The implementation framework of the DT for engine block manufacturing processes consists of three layers: physical layer, virtual layer and information-processing layer. A simulation model was created using the Tecnomatix Plant Simulation (TPS) software. In order to obtain real-time status data of the production line, programmable logic control (PLC) sensors were used for raw data acquisition. To increase production line productivity, the algorithm for bottlenecks detection was developed and implemented into the DT. Despite the fact that the implementation process is still under development and only partial results are presented in this paper, the DT seems to be a prospective real-time optimization tool for the industrial partner.

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