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Abstract. This article draws attention to key aspects of the dynamic relationship between urbanisation and climatic conditioning, with particular account taken of the ventilating and cooling of cities and the influence of ecological continuity and connectivity between urban and open areas. Such phenomena are discussed in the context of the quality of life enjoyed by inhabitants of urbanised areas. The role of green infrastructure in shaping urban space from the point of view of the easing or amelioration of negative thermal phenomena is discussed, as is the influence of climatic conditions on the functioning of cities' water systems. Reference is also made to demographic change in cities, given the major influence this has on inhabitants' vulnerability to the negative impacts of developing heat islands, most especially in periods of severe and/or prolonged heatwaves.

This main aim of this study is the examination and discussion of a conceptual and theoretical model for Poland’s areas of strategic intervention. Following a review of the current strategic documents at national and regional levels, it is possible to propose two basic categories of areas of strategic intervention: 1) growth areas (territories with natural or socioeconomic properties particularly favourable for development); and 2)problem areas (territories with unfavourable features and socioeconomic and/or natural processes). Among the problem areas it is possible to distinguish three main types: the social, the economic and the natural, albeit with the possibility of applying an even more detailed typology that allows for combinations of these types. Scientific findings can be combined with the results of empirical research to encourage the proposal of a new method of delimiting areas of strategic intervention. The identification of growth areas is primarily based on expert knowledge, which is clearly qualitative. In turn, the processes by which problem areas are delimited is quantitative in nature, reflecting analyses of selected diagnostic indicators that take social, economic and natural issues into account. The results which were obtained relate to the concept of endogenous development, as well as the assumptions under pinning policies of territorial cohesion.

The study presents the delimitation of problem areas carried out at the Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization of PAS on behalf of the Ministry of Development of Poland (2015Poland ( -2016, first and foremost to meet the practical needs of the development policy being pursued at state, regional and local government levels. The study was elaborated for the 2479 Polish communes (gminas) by reference to 21 indicators mainly concerned with the state of the natural environment and socio-economic conditions, as well as features of spatial and local development. The three categories of area ultimately identified were the natural, the social and the economic aspects, the combination of which yielded several main types of problem area. A last stage then entailed a division into regions, i.e. the designation and naming of particular geographical areas.

J a n M arek M a t u s z k ie w ic z , M arek D e g ó r s k i, A n n a Ko z ł o w s k a D escription o f th e plant association structure and soils o f pine forest stand s situated in five regions o f Poland [With 7 tables and 9 figures in the text] A bstract. Paper p resents som e geobotanieal and soil research, w hich are carried out in pine forest, situated in the five geographical regions of Poland (Wielkopolska. Bory Tucholskie, Puszcza Biała, Puszcza Białow ieska and Roztocze). The aim o f the study w as to make a phytosociological diagnosis, estim ation o f soil condition and analysis of phytocenoscs for zoocenological purposes. Studied plant com m unities are represented by two regional association: [jencobryo-Pinetum and Peucedano-Pinetum and two types of soil: podzolic and rusty soil belonging to the podzolic earthe. Physical and chem ical soil properties, phytosociological data, as well a s results of floristic com position of different regeneration stage of pine forest are presented.

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