The occurrence of environmental disasters affects different social segments, impacting health, education, housing, economy and the provision of basic services. Thus, the objective of this study was to estimate the relationship between the occurrence of disasters and extreme climate, sociosanitary and demographic conditions in the Northeast region of Brazil during the period from 1993 to 2013. Initially, we analyzed the spatial pattern of the incidence of events and, subsequently, generalized additive models for location, scale and shape were used in order to identify and estimate the magnitude of associations between factors. Results showed that droughts are the predominant disasters in the NEB representing 81.1% of the cases, followed by events triggered by excessive rainfall such as flash floods (11.1%) and floods (7.8%). Climate conditions presented statistically significant associations with the analyzed disasters, in which indicators of excess rainfall positively contributed to the occurrence of flash floods and floods, but negatively contributed to the occurrence of drought. Sociosanitary factors, such as percentage of households with inadequate sewage, waste collection and water supply, were also positively associated with the model’s estimations, i.e., contributing to an increase in the occurrence of events, with the exception of floods, which were not significantly influenced by sociosanitary parameters. A decrease of 19% in the risk of drought occurrence was estimated, on average. On the other hand, events caused by excessive rainfall increased by 40% and 57%, in the cases of flash floods and floods, respectively.
This study aims to analyze the atmospheric conditions associated with an event of intense precipitation caused by Easterly Wave Disturbances (EWDs), as well as the environmental conditions related to the mass gravitational movement that occurred between 14th June and 15th June of 2014, in the district of Mãe Luiza, Natal/RN/Brazil. The synoptic conditions, the vertical integrated moisture flux and the energetic behavior in the EWD’s performance phases were analyzed. In addition to these factors, local environmental aspects were assessed, classifying the vulnerability to disaster events in the affected area. Over the days of the operation of the atmospheric system, the daily accumulation of precipitation was greater than 100 mm, with precipitation accumulated in 3 h in the order of 60 mm for the stages of maturation of the disturbance. The main synoptic conditions associated with EWDs were exhibited by the intense anomalies of wind speed and high humidity flux on the east coast of the Northeast, which intensified the influx of moisture into the continent over the period of the operation of the system. Conditions of high to very high vulnerability were identified in the area where the event took place and also in other expressive parts of the district.
A cerveja artesanal é aquela produzida por métodos menos industrializados, priorizando a qualidade ao invés da quantidade. Sua popularização no mercado brasileiro cresce de forma exponencial com base na quantidade de cervejarias registradas no Brasil a cada ano. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar análises sensoriais de 4 estilos de cervejas artesanais de fabricação local por meio de testes de aceitação por escala hedônica e teste de intenção de compra. As cervejas estudadas foram produzidas pela cervejaria da cidade, sendo elas: Pilsen, APA, IPA e Stout. Participaram dos testes, sessenta provadores voluntários não treinados, todos maiores de idade, sendo metade do sexo masculino e a outra metade do sexo feminino, todos consumidores de cerveja, e que apresentavam boas condições de saúde. A fim de avaliar a semelhança ou diferença sobre cada parâmetro avaliado entre as cervejas, foi realizado o teste de Kruskal-Wallis sobre as médias, considerando-se um nível de significância de 5%. Para a comparação de médias, foi realizado o teste de Nemenyi, que uniu as médias estatisticamente semelhantes entre si. Ainda que a maioria dos participantes afirmem conhecer a diferença de cervejas tradicionais para as artesanais, e consumir cerveja artesanal, grande parte ainda se mostra indiferente quanto a preferência entre essas opções. A cerveja mais aceita para o público estudado foi a Pilsen, a menos aceita foi a Stout. Esse resultado se reflete no teste de intenção de compra. Com a Pilsen possuindo a maior média, enquanto a Stout possuía a menor.
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