RESUMO -(Riqueza de espécies de fungos conidiais em duas áreas de Mata Atlântica no Morro da Pioneira, Serra da Jibóia, BA, Brasil). A Serra da Jibóia, fragmento de Mata Atlântica situado no município de Santa Terezinha, Bahia, está incluído entre as áreas prioritárias para conservação. Com o objetivo de conhecer os fungos conidiais decompositores da serapilheira nesse ecossistema, foram realizadas cinco expedições a cada dois meses, de outubro/2005 a junho/2006. Trinta amostras de material vegetal (folhas, pecíolos, galhos e cascas) foram coletadas em três parcelas de 10 m 2 , eqüidistantes entre si (10 m), delimitadas em duas áreas com vegetação e umidade diferentes. As amostras foram lavadas em água corrente e incubadas em câmaras-úmidas por um mês; durante esse período as estruturas fúngicas foram retiradas dos substratos para estudo, sendo identificadas 106 espécies de fungos conidiais. Embora apresentando número equivalente de espécies, houve baixa similaridade (25%), segundo o índice de Sørensen, entre as comunidades de fungos conidiais das duas áreas. Os dados contribuem para ampliar o conhecimento sobre a distribuição e a diversidade de fungos conidiais que colonizam substratos vegetais na Mata Atlântica e mostram a riqueza de espécies das áreas estudadas. Palavras-chave: diversidade, Hyphomycetes, serapilheiraABSTRACT -(Species richness of conidial fungi in two areas of Atlantic Forest at Morro da Pioneira, Serra da Jibóia, Bahia State, Brazil). The fragment of Atlantic Forest at Serra da Jibóia, municipality of Santa Terezinha, Bahia state, is a priority area for conservation. Five expeditions were undertaken every two months, from October/2005 to June/2006, in order to investigate the fungi that decompose leaf litter in this ecosystem. Thirty samples of plant debris (leaves, petioles, twigs and bark) were collected in three parcels of 10 m 2 , 10 m from each other, in two areas with different vegetation and humidity. Samples were washed in tap water and incubated in moist chambers for 30 days; during this period fungal structures on substrates were studied and 106 species of conidial fungi were identified. In spite of the similar number of species, there was low similarity (25%) between the communities of conidial fungi of the two areas according to Sørensen's Index. These data increase our knowledge regarding the distribution and diversity of conidial fungi that colonize plant debris in the Atlantic Forest and confirm species richness in the areas studied.

RESUMO -(Fungos anamórficos (Hyphomycetes) da Chapada Diamantina: novos registros para o Estado da Bahia e Brasil

The genus Menisporopsis S. Hughes is characterized by synnematous conidiomata around a central seta, phialidic conidiogenous cells and falcate to lunate 0-to 1-septate conidia with terminal setulae. Currently, nine species are included in the genus. In the course of investigating conidial fungi associated with decaying plant material in the semi--arid region of Brazil, we identified five

-(The genus Stachybotrys (anamorphic fungi) in the semi-arid region of Brazil). Stachybotrys is characterized by macronematous, mononematous, unbranched or branched conidiophores, with discrete terminal and phialidic conidiogenous cells, and aseptate, reniform, ellipsoidal to spherical, smooth or verrucose conidia, which are produced in a slimy mass. eight species have been reported from Brazil, occurring in the soil, air and leaf litter. during investigation of conidial fungi on decaying leaf litter in semi-arid areas of Brazil nine species were found: S. bisbyi (sriniv.) g.l. Barron, S. chartarum (ehrenb.) s. hughes, S. globosa P. c. Misra & s. K. srivast., S. kampalensis hansf., S. longispora Matsush., S. nephrospora hansf., S. nilagirica subram., Stachybotrys parvispora s. hughes and S. verrucispora Matsush. Stachybotrys nilagirica is a new record from Brazil. descriptions, comments, geographic distribution and illustrations are presented for above mentioned species. a key for all species recorded in semi-arid region of Brazil is presented.

In the course of studies about conidial fungi that grow on plant debris in the semi-arid region of Brazil, four species of Paliphora were found on unidentified dicotyledonous plants. Paliphora intermedia and P. porosa are recorded for the first time for South America and the neotropics respectively. Paliphora inflata and P. multiseptata are proposed as new species. A key and synoptic table of characters of the five known species of Paliphora are provided.

-(Cryptophiale and Cryptophialoidea (Conidial fungi) from Brazil and keys to the genera). During a survey of microfungi associated with dead leaves in the State of Bahia, Brazil, four species of Cryptophiale Piroz. and two species of Cryptophialoidea Kuthub. & Nawawi were found. Cryptophiale guadalcanalensis Matsush. and Cryptophialoidea fasciculata Kuthub. & Nawawi are new records for the neotropics, while C. ramosa Delg.-Rodr., J. Mena & Gené is a new record for South America. Descriptions, illustrations and geographical distribution of all the fungi are provided.

No abstract

A new species, Linkosia aquatica, found on a submerged decaying twig in a stream, is described and illustrated. It is characterized by cylindrical, slightly clavate, sometimes filiform conidia that are 8–21-septate with a distinctly subclavate pale brown apical cell. A key to all Linkosia species and illustrations of their conidia are provided.