The genus Stachybotrys (anamorphic fungi) in the semi-arid region of Brazil

Izabel, Tasciano dos Santos Santa; Cruz, Alisson Cardoso Rodrigues da; Barbosa, F. R.; Ferreira, Sheila Miranda Leão; Marques, Marcos Fabio Oliveira; Gusmão, Luís Fernando Pascholati

doi:10.1590/s0100-84042010000300010

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Fraction collection was performed using UV absorption at 200 nm to set an absorbance threshold to initiate SPE trapping. The major technical improvement in HPLC-SPE-NMR hyphenation is the 5 mm triple resonance cryoprobe inverse (TCI, 1 N/ 13 C/ 15 N) equipped with a z -field gradient and automatic tuning and matching (ATMA), which allows for recording the NMR spectra of low concentration analytes (below 1 mg). − Ten peaks were detected with adequate intensity but at low concentration; however, using TCI the compounds of 7-dechlorogriseofulvin ( 1 ), 7-dechlorodehydrogriseofulvin ( 2 ), griseofulvin ( 3 ), dehydrogriseofulvin ( 4 ), 3,13-dihydroxy-5,9,11-trimethoxy-1-methylbenzophenone ( 5 ), griseophenone A ( 6 ), − 13-hydroxy-3,5,9,11-tetramethoxy-1-methylbenzophenone ( 7 ), and 12-chloro-13-hydroxy-3,5,9,11-tetramethoxy-1-methylbenzophenone ( 8 ) were separated and identified (Figures and ). HSQC, HMBC correlation maps, and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) of recovered fractions confirmed the proposed structures.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eight species have been reported from Brazilian soil, and S. levispora is a new record from South America. 1,4 Some review articles are available concerning the secondary metabolites isolated from the genera Stachybotrys and Memnoniella, and the last one is very recent with respect to our current research. 3 This review and a search in Chemical Abstracts (SciFinder, 2016) and Web of Science showed that the natural products of S. levispora have not been previously studied.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological and Chemical Control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum using Stachybotrys levispora and Its Secondary Metabolite Griseofulvin

Ribeiro

Costa

Thomasi

et al. 2018

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is responsible for the white mold of soybeans, and the difficulty to control the disease in Brazil is causing million-dollar damages. Stachybotrys levispora has shown activity against S. sclerotiorum. In our present investigation, we analyzed the chemical basis of this inhibition. Eight compounds were isolated, and using spectroscopic methods, we identified their structures as the known substances 7-dechlorogriseofulvin, 7-dechlorodehydrogriseofulvin, griseofulvin, dehydrogriseofulvin, 3,13-dihydroxy-5,9,11-trimethoxy-1-methylbenzophenone, griseophenone A, 13-hydroxy-3,5,9,11-tetramethoxy-1-methylbenzophenone, and 12-chloro-13-hydroxy-3,5,9,11-tetramethoxy-1-methylbenzophenone. Griseofulvin inhibited the mycelial growth of S. sclerotiorum at 2 μg mL. Thus, the antagonistic effect of S. levispora to S. sclerotiorum may well be due to the presence of griseofulvins. Our results stimulate new work on the biosynthesis of griseofulvins, to locate genes that encode key enzymes in these routes and use them to increase the production of these compounds and thus potentiate the fungicide effect of this fungus. S. levispora represents an agent for biocontrol, and griseofulvin represents a fungicide to S. sclerotiorum.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological and Chemical Control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum using Stachybotrys levispora and Its Secondary Metabolite Griseofulvin

Ribeiro

Costa

Thomasi

et al. 2018

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…This fungus differs from S. chartarum in conidial size; in this regard, the conidia of S. xigazensis are wider than those of S. chartarum . S. chartarum is strongly cellulolytic and is reported as one of the causes of the sick building syndrome [45, 46]. This species causes mycotoxicosis via the production of mycotoxins, such as trichothecenes, and is referred to as the black toxic mold [47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor Damp Surfaces Harbor Molds with Clinical Significance

Habibi¹,

Safaiefarahani²

2018

CMM

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Background and Purpose:Fungal contamination in damp places in buildings has become an increasing problem worldwide. Dampness facilitates the growth of fungi, which can cause adverse effects not only on the buildings but also on their occupants. The aim of this study was to identify indoor mold species in the buildings of Kerman province, Iran.Materials and Methods: In this study, 110 samples were obtained from surfaces of damp indoor areas in buildings randomly selected in Kerman province. The identification of fungal species was based on the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the isolates, such as colony morphology, hyphae, conidia, and conidiophores, as well as molecular sequence data.Results: Based on the results, a total of 218 fungal isolates were obtained. Apart from frequently isolated fungi, such as Alternaria, Aspergillus, and Penicillium, 13 species, including Cladosporium sphaerospermum, Cladosporium herbarum, Cladosporium halotolerans, Engyodontium album, Collariella bostrychodes, Stachybotrys xigazenensis, Ramularia eucalypti, Fusarium merismoides, Fusarium solani, Ochroconis musae, Mucor racemosus, Acremonium zonatum, and Acremonium persicinum were identified, and the selected species were described. Among these 13 species, Cladosporium was the most common species (43%) in indoor surfaces, followed by Ochroconis musae (10.8%) and Engyodontium album (7.4%). To the best of our knowledge, Stachybotrys xigazenensis was reported in the present study for the first time in Iran. In addition, E. album and O. musae were isolated for the first time from indoor surfaces in Iran.Conclusion:According to the results, the level of overall fungal richness across indoor surfaces was high. Some of the isolated taxa were clinically significant. It was concluded that the damp residential surfaces were potentially passive collectors of clinically significant molds.

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“…Stachybotrys is ubiquitous distributed worldwide. Species in the genus are common in soil, plant litter (hay, straw, cereal grains, and decaying plant debris) and air and a few species have been found from damp paper, cotton, linen, cellulose-based building materials water-damaged indoor buildings, and air ducts from both aquatic and terrestrial habitats (Izabel et al 2010;Lombard et al 2016;Hyde et al 2020a). Notes: In our phylogenetic analysis, four new isolates clustered with Stachybotrys chartarum with 100% ML/ 100% MP/ 1.00 PP support.…”

Section: Thelonectria Aquaticamentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomy, phylogeny and evolution of freshwater Hypocreomycetidae (Sordariomycetes)

Bao

Hyde

Maharachchikumbura

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Hypocreomycetidae is a highly diverse group with species from various habitats. This subclass has been reported as pathogenic, endophytic, parasitic, saprobic, fungicolous, lichenicolous, algicolous, coprophilous and insect fungi from aquatic and terrestrial habitats. In this study, we focused on freshwater fungi of Hypocreomycetidae which resulted 41 fresh collections from China and Thailand. Based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses, we identified 26 species that belong to two orders (Hypocreales and Microascales) and six families (Bionectriaceae, Halosphaeriaceae, Microascaceae, Nectriaceae, Sarocladiaceae and Stachybotryaceae). Ten new species and 13 new habitats and geographic records are introduced. Mariannaea superimposita, Stachybotrys chartarum and S. chlorohalonatus are recollected from freshwater habitats in China. Based on phylogenetic analysis of combined LSU, ITS, SSU, rpb2 and tef1-α sequences data, Emericellopsis is transferred to Hypocreales genera incertae sedis; Pseudoacremonium is transferred to Bionectriaceae; Sedecimiella is placed in Nectriaceae; Nautosphaeria and Tubakiella are excluded from Halosphaeriaceae and placed in Microascales genera incertae sedis; and Faurelina is excluded from Hypocreomycetidae. Varicosporella is placed under Atractium as a synonym of Atractium instead of Varicosporella. In addition, phylogenetic analysis and divergence time estimates showed that Ascocodina, Campylospora, Cornuvesica and Xenodactylariaceae form distinct lineages in Hypocreomycetidae and they evolved in the family/order time frame. Hence, a new order (Xenodactylariales) and three new families (Ascocodinaceae, Campylosporaceae, and Cornuvesicaceae) are introduced based on phylogenetic analysis, divergence time estimations and morphological characters. Ancestral character state analysis is performed for different habitats of Hypocreomycetidae including freshwater, marine and terrestrial taxa. The result indicates that marine and freshwater fungi evolved independently from terrestrial ancestors. The results further support those early diverging clades of this subclass, mostly comprising terrestrial taxa and freshwater and marine taxa have been secondarily derived, while the crown clade (Nectriaceae) is represented in all three habitats. The evolution of various morphological adaptations towards their habitual changes are also been discussed.

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The genus Stachybotrys (anamorphic fungi) in the semi-arid region of Brazil

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Biological and Chemical Control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum using Stachybotrys levispora and Its Secondary Metabolite Griseofulvin

Biological and Chemical Control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum using Stachybotrys levispora and Its Secondary Metabolite Griseofulvin

Indoor Damp Surfaces Harbor Molds with Clinical Significance

Taxonomy, phylogeny and evolution of freshwater Hypocreomycetidae (Sordariomycetes)

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