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Monitoring of atrial rhythm in patients implanted with ICDs may improve accuracy in identifying supraventricular arrhythmias and, therefore, prevent inappropriate therapies. Since difficulties were found in dual chamber ICDs with separate leads, a new designed single lead dual chamber ICD system was tested. Twenty-five patients implanted with a Deikos A+ (single coil defibrillation lead with two atrial sensing rings combined with a dual chamber ICD with a high amplifying atrial channel) were tested. Atrial and ventricular signals were analyzed during sinus rhythm (SR) and sinus tachycardias (STs), atrial flutter and AF, and VT or VF. Follow-ups were performed after 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after implantation. Analysis of EGM amplitudes of stored episodes revealed that atrial signals during atrial flutter (2.1 +/- 0.51 mV) were comparable to those of ST (2.2 +/- 0.5 mV). Atrial amplitudes during AF were significantly lower (0.81 +/- 0.5 mV, P<0.01). During VF atrial "sinus" signals (2 +/- 0.8 mV) were stable. Ventricular parameters did not differ from a standard ICD lead; defibrillation threshold was 11.4 +/- 4.5 J (16 patients). During intraoperative and prehospital discharge measurements, 97.1% of SR-P waves and 99.2% of atrial flutter waves were detected correctly. In AF 91.11% of atrial signals were detected. Analysis of 505 stored episodes showed that 96.8% of ST and 100% of atrial flutter and 100% of AF episodes have been classified correctly and no underdetection of VT/VF was found. The first experiences with the new VDD-ICD system show an increase of the specificity to detect ventricular tachycardias to a level comparable to dual chamber ICDs with two leads. The reliability of this system has to be proven in a prospective randomized study.

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This study compares research on evaluation of public policies in Brazil and the United States. To examine the extent to which evaluation research has been established in these countries, this article uses the methods of bibliometric and social network analysis to compare recent use of evaluation research in these countries. The results show that Brazil and the United States have focused on the DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7612156363 Article submitted on November 6th, 2015 and accepted for publication on July 13th, 2016.Rev. Adm. Pública -Rio de Janeiro 50(6): 981-1001, nov./dec. 2016 982 Charles David Crumpton • Janann Joslin Medeiros • Vicente da Rocha Soares Ferreira • Marcos de Moraes Sousa • Estela Najberg same areas of research, especially the areas of health, education and social welfare. It was also observed that researchers from both countries use research methods, although American researchers make more use of quanti-quali methods, and that research networks on policy evaluation in the two country have similar characteristics, although the average size and density of networks in Brazil is less than that in the United States. On the basis of the evidence, it is concluded that evaluation research in Brazil evolved during the period investigated and is becoming consolidated as a field of study and practice.Key w o r d s : policy evaluation; public policy; public management; evaluation research; comparative studies Avaliação de políticas públicas no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos: análise da pesquisa nos últimos 10 anos Este estudo compara a pesquisa sobre avaliação de políticas públicas no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos. No intuito de examinar o grau em que a pesquisa em avaliação está estabelecida nesses países, este artigo usa os métodos bibliométrico e de análise de rede social para comparar as publicações recentes da pesquisa em avaliação em ambos os países. Os resultados mostram que o Brasil e os Estados Unidos têm pesquisado e publicado nas mesmas áreas, em especial, nas áreas de saúde, de educação e de bem-estar social. Observou-se também que os pesquisadores dos dois países utilizam métodos de investigação similares, embora os americanos façam maior uso de métodos quanti-quali e que suas redes de pesquisa apresentem características semelhantes, embora as redes americanas sejam de tamanho e densidade maiores. A partir das evidências encontradas, conclui-se que a pesquisa em avaliação no Brasil evoluiu durante o período investigado e que está em vias de consolidação como um campo de estudo e prática.Pal av r a s -c h av e : avaliação de política; política pública; gestão pública; pesquisa em avaliação; estudos comparativos Evaluación de las políticas públicas en Brasil y Estados Unidos: análisis de las investigaciones en los últimos 10 añosEste estudio hace una comparación entre la investigación sobre la evaluación de políticas públicas en Brasil y en Estados Unidos. Con el objetivo de examinar el grado en que la investigación en evaluación se establece en los ya citados países, este artículo uti...

The mouse model of chronic anterior myocardial infarction is associated with significant atrial and ventricular conduction disturbances and vulnerability to ventricular arrhythmia and thus may provide a highly valuable tool to study molecular determinants of arrhythmogenesis in myocardial infarction.

O tema inovação tem se apresentado como um dos assuntos que mais geram interesses dos pesquisadores, tanto daqueles que estudam organizações do setor privado quanto daqueles que estudam o setor público. Diante desse quadro, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar como ocorre a inovação no setor público com base em casos de inovação premiados no Concurso de Inovação na Administração Pública Federal entre 2006 e 2010. É um trabalho de natureza qualitativa que utilizou o modelo de vetores de competências e características técnicas da inovação em serviços para analisar o conjunto de 30 casos de inovação. Os casos foram organizados em três grupos para serem analisados. Os resultados apontam que dois desses grupos apresentaram inovação radical, processo pelo qual a inovação representa a criação de um novo conjunto de características expressas em um produto totalmente novo; e um grupo apresentou inovação incremental, pelo fato de demonstrar substituição de características no serviço, mas não uma mudança na estrutura geral do sistema. Como lacuna, aponta-se que a análise foi feita à luz da inovação em serviços pela ausência de referências em administração pública. Sugerem-se estudos que descrevam mudanças nos vetores e identifiquem indutores e inibidores das inovações.

The search for efficiency in the cooperative credit sector has led cooperatives to adopt new technology and managerial knowhow. Among the tools that facilitate efficiency, data mining has stood out in recent years as a sophisticated methodology to search for knowledge that is "hidden" in organizations' databases. The process of granting credit is one of the central functions of a credit union; therefore, the use of instruments that support that process is desirable and may become a key factor in credit management. The steps undertaken by the present case study to perform the knowledge discovery process were data selection, data pre-processing and cleanup, data transformation, data mining, and the interpretation and evaluation of results. The results were evaluated through crossvalidation of ten sets, repeated in ten simulations. The goal of this study is to develop models to analyze the capacity of a credit union's members to settle their commitments, using a decision tree-C4.5 algorithm and an artificial neural network-multilayer perceptron algorithm. It is concluded that for the problem at hand, the models have statistically similar results and may aid in a cooperative's decision-making process.Chart 02 shows the confusion matrix generated by the testing set of the tree being evaluated. This matrix shows the instances classified as predicted and actual to assess the models' hit and miss types. The main diagonal contains the correctly classified values. The values are given as absolute numbers. Chart 02 -Confusion matrix of a model developed using the decision tree method Predicted Actual Default Good standing Default 121 11 Good standing 8 181 Source: Study data, 2010.In this example, the model based on the C4.5 decision tree algorithm correctly classified 302 records, which corresponds to accuracy rate of 94.08%, and incorrectly classified 19 observations, or 5.92%. 2. Neural NetworkThe ANN in this study, as previously discussed in the theoretical framework, contained three layers: input, intermediate, and output. The network used supervised learning because the model's output values were supplied.As in the case of the decision tree, a model was used to exemplify the results generated by the WEKA package. Chart 03 shows the confusion matrix for the model obtained. Chart 03 -Confusion matrix for a model developed using the ANN method Predicted Actual Default Good standing Default 118 14 Good standing 13 176 Source: Study data, 2010.This ANN-based model, constructed using the MLP algorithm, classified 294 records correctly and 27 records incorrectly, corresponding to 91.59% and 8.41% accuracy, respectively.