RESUMO:O presente trabalho verificou a utilização de plantas medicinais encontradas no Cerrado mato-grossense para o tratamento de hiperlipidemias e obesidade. Entrevistas com 180 pessoas acima de 50 anos foram realizadas em Nova Xavantina-MT. O questionário abordou nome popular, parte utilizada, forma de preparo e uso das espécies citadas, além de informações gerais sobre o uso de plantas. -Hil.). A folha foi a parte mais utilizada (46%) e o preparo das plantas ocorre principalmente por meio de infusão citado por 36,5% dos entrevistados. Apesar do uso popular destas plantas no combate as hiperlipidemias e obesidade, há necessidade de estudos fitoquímicos e farmacológicos que comprovem estas atividades, com vistas ao desenvolvimento de um fitoterápico.Unitermos: Levantamento etnobotânico, Nova Xavantina, plantas medicinais, anti-hiperlipidêmicas, anorexígenas, Cerrado.ABSTRACT: "Ethnobotanical survey of plants used as anti-hyperlipidemic and anorexigenic by the population of Nova Xavantina-MT, Brazil". This study checked the use of medicinal plants found in the Cerrado mato-grossense for the treatment of hyperlipidemia and obesity. Interviews with 180 people over 50 years were held in Nova Xavantina-MT. The questionnaire addressed popular name, part used, type of preparation and use of the species mentioned, beyond general information about the use of plants. The ten plants most cited were collected, identified and studied through a literature review. Most respondents (95.6%) said using medicinal plants regularly, while 71.5% of them inherited the knowledge of plants of parents and grandparents and 94.20% reported the use to advise youngsters. Furthermore, 93.6% attested that the plants are more effective than the drugs from pharmacy and 57% considered the strong effect of the same, i.e., they always solved health problems. Regarding adverse effects, 95.9% said they have never felt them after the use of plants. Of the respondents, 56.7% knew or had used medicinal plants in the treatment of hyperlipidemias and obesity, being cited 54 medicinal species belonging to 53 different genera and 38 families, with emphasis on Fabaceae (13%