A new species of lizard genus Enyalius (Squamata, Leiosauridae) from the highlands of Chapada Diamantina, state of Bahia, Brazil, with a key to species. A new species of lizard genus Enyalius is described from Fazenda Caraibas, municipality of Mucugê, state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil, in the northern portion of the Serra do Espinhaço. It is characterized by an almost straight canthal ridge, a distinctive enlarged subocular, ventral scales and infradigital lamellae smooth, tail length varying between 2.02-2.18 times snout-vent length, 54-63 vertebral scales between occiput and base of tail, 144-167 paravertebral scales between occiput and base of tail, 44-47 transverse rows of ventrals between posterior level of forelimbs and anterior level of hindlimbs, 52-66 scales at mid-body between middle of venter and crest, 17-18 and 25-28 infradigital lamellae, respectively under Finger IV and Toe IV, 23-27 scales along dorsal surface of tibia, and 33-40 gular scales between mental and collar. The new species is sexually dichromatic with males being brightly colored with a series of six very conspicuous transverse wide black dorsal bands on body separated by deep orange light areas and females dull colored with a pattern of irregular dark or light brown longitudinal stripes. The new species was obtained at Serra do Sincorá, state of Bahia, Brazil, in low, thin, and dense semidecidual forests situated around 1000m altitude, near the headwaters of the Rio Paraguaçu. Character distribution in Enyalius is discussed, the presently recognized subspecies of Enyalius catenatus are elevated to full species status and a key to the current species of Enyalius is presented.

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researchers. More than 95% of the taxa in the present list were listed in scientific collections and were included in the checklist, however a few species records were based on reliable photographs (two of which are Figure 2G and 3C). Taxonomic nomenclature follows Bérnils and Costa (2012) and the voucher specimen numbers can be found in Appendix 1. The collected specimens were fixed in 10% formalin and subsequently deposited in one of the following scientific collections.

While travelling as part of the protected area management activities undertaken by the Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio) in the state of Acre, four records of porcupines (Coendou spp.) were gathered: two for Coendou bicolor and two for Coendou prehensilis. The records for Coendou bicolor are the first for Brazil while the records for Coendou prehensilis present the state of Acre as a potential region of sympatry between C. bicolor and C. prehensilis.

A new species of the genus Acratosaura is described on the basis of two specimens obtained at the “campos rupestres” (rocky meadows) near Mucugê municipality, state of Bahia, Brazil. Acratosaura spinosa sp. nov., has ear openings and eyelids, pentadactyl limbs lacking a claw on first toe, a single frontonasal, prefrontals, frontoparietals, parietals, interparietals, occipitals, no collar fold, three pairs of genials, three supraoculars and three superciliaries and is further characterized by presenting 28–31 rows of strongly keeled, lanceolate and imbricate dorsal scales, sides of the neck with keeled scales, striate temporal scales, four longitudinal and 17–18 transverse rows of smooth ventral scales, 28–30 scales around the body, 14 and 19–20 infradigital lamellae under finger IV and toe IV, respectively, 13 total preanal and femoral pores in male, absent in female. The new species differs strikingly in color pattern from its only congener A. mentalis. The two species occur sympatricaly in the high altitude open habitats near the type locality.

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ABSTRACT. Local diversity and infl uence of seasonality on amphibians and reptiles assemblages in the Reserva Extrativista Chico Mendes, Acre, Brazil. Despite the high richness of amphibians and reptiles known for the southwestern portion of the Brazilian Amazon, the knowledge of these is punctual and few studies have evaluated the temporal variations in the occurrence and abundance of species. The goals of this study were to present the amphibians and reptiles assemblages in a locality of the Chico Mendes Extractive Reserve, verify which climate variables infl uence the temporal fl uctuations in richness and abundance, and identify the main species of the amphibians and reptiles infl uenced by them. The study area is located in the Seringal Etelvi region, southwestern portion of the Reserve, municipality of Brasiléia, state of Acre. Data collection took place between October 2011 and September 2012, for 48 sampling days, using the methods of searches limited by time and pitfall traps. There were recorded 978 specimens of 31 amphibians and 54 reptiles. Higher richness and abundance of amphibians occurred during the rainy season, with the monthly abundance positively associated with the mean temperature. Only the abundance of reptiles was higher during the rainy period. However, both richness and abundance were positively associated with mean temperature. Four amphibians, Allobates gr. marchesianus, Hamptophryne boliviana (Parker, 1927), Boana geographica (Spix, 1824) and Rhinella marina (Linnaeus, 1758), and two reptiles, Kentropyx pelviceps Cope, 1868 and Norops fuscoauratus (D'Orbigny, 1837), had their monthly abundances positively associated with the mean temperature. The lizard Dactyloa punctata (Daudin, 1802) had the monthly abundance associated with precipitation. It was possible to verify the increase of richness and abundance of amphibians and reptiles during periods when the availability of resources is favorable for many species. Species can react diff erently to climatic variations, whereas others are sensitive to fl uctuations, others seem answer easily or not reduce their abundances in periods theoretically unfavorable.KEYWORDS. Richness, abundance, Southwestern Amazonia, seasonality, temporal variation.RESUMO. Apesar da elevada riqueza de anfíbios e répteis conhecida para a porção Sul-Ocidental da Amazônia brasileira, o conhecimento sobre estes é pontual e poucos estudos avaliaram as variações temporais na ocorrência e abundância das espécies. Os objetivos deste estudo foram descrever as taxocenoses de anfíbios e répteis em uma localidade da Reserva Extrativista Chico Mendes, verifi car quais variáveis climáticas infl uenciam as fl utuações temporais na riqueza e abundância e identifi car as principais espécies de anfíbios e répteis infl uenciadas por elas. A área de estudo está localizada na região do Seringal Etelvi, porção sudoeste da Reserva, município de Brasiléia, estado do Acre. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre outubro de 2011 e setembro de 2012, num total de 48 dias de amostragem, com os mét...

We present the first species list of squamate reptiles for the central region of the Chapada Diamantina, with a focus on the municipality of Mucugê, state of Bahia Brazil. The data provided were mostly collected in the Caraíbas estate, during vegetation clearing operations for agriculture. The remnant records were collected from roadkills encountered in Mucugê and neighboring municipalities. We found 64 species of squamate reptiles including 35 species of snakes, 25 of lizards and four of amphisbaenians. These records have already yielded three species descriptions with others likely to follow. This is evidence of the poorly documented herpetological diversity of the Chapada Diamantina. The present work highlights the need for further research and the potential of less traditional data sources such as roadkills to improve the knowledge of the herpetofauna of extensive and megadiverse countries like Brazil.