Die Rissbildung in Beton ist ein komplexes Phänomen, welches durch äußere Lasten und Zwang hervorgerufen werden kann und somit das Last‐Verformungs‐Verhalten von Stahlbeton beeinflusst, sobald die Zugfestigkeit überschritten wird. Folglich ist es bedeutsam vorherzusagen, wo Risse auftreten und wie sie sich ausbreiten. Dieser Artikel gibt einen kurzen Überblick über die im Labor für Konstruktiven Ingenieurbau an der Universität der Bundeswehr München durchgeführten Experimente an Stahlbetonscheiben und ‐platten sowie über die wesentlichen Ergebnisse derselben. Anschließend wird auf die aktuelle Forschung des Autors eingegangen. Um ein besseres Verständnis zur Spannungsverteilung in der direkten Umgebung der Längs‐ und Querbewehrung zu erlangen, wird ein kleiner vereinfachter Ausschnitt einer Stahlbetonplatte in dem Finite‐Elemente‐Programm ANSYS modelliert. Ziel war es, die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM), welche in ANSYS zur Rissfortschrittsanalyse implementiert ist, zu evaluieren sowie den Ort der Rissinitiierung und die Rissausbreitung zu untersuchen.
<p>Cracking of concrete is a complex phenomenon induced by direct loading or restraint which unavoidably affect reinforced concrete structures whenever the tensile strength of the concrete is exceeded. Hence it is important to predict where cracks will be located and how they will propagate.</p><p>Based on theoretical considerations of the crack initiation in plane reinforced concrete structures experimental studies have been carried out in the Laboratory for Structural Engineering at the University of the German Armed Forces in Munich. The first objects of the experiments were R/C- panels under in-plane tension loads. In a second step R/C-plates under uniaxial and biaxial bending moments were tested with different loading conditions and with different loading paths. [1], [2], [3], [4]. The results of these tests clearly showed the influence of the position, the spacing and the angle between longitudinal and transversal reinforcement on cracking. The future research at the chair of concrete construction will be focused on the modelling of the initiation and the crack propagation in reinforced concrete structures subjected to certain boundary conditions and quasi static loadings. This research is based on numerical calculations, the general theory of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) and models for cracking and simulation of the crack propagation.</p><p>This paper presents a short overview on the experiments on R/C-panels and slabs carried out in the Laboratory for Structural Engineering at the University of the German Armed Forces in Munich and on the results which have been achieved in the past. Afterwards the actual research is presented. To understand the stress distribution in the direct vicinity of the longitudinal and transversal reinforcement bars a small simplified section of a R/C slab was modeled in the finite element program ANSYS. The aim is to evaluate the capabilities and limitations of the extended Finite Element Method (XFEM) implemented in ANSYS to simulate crack growth and to determine where the crack will initiate and propagate in this region.</p>
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