This work includes all names of higher plants reported or collected in the present territory of Albania. The records are critically evaluated; the origin of them was tracked down and possible vouchers were searched for, revised and evaluated. Altogether, 6,419 basionyms were identified with 5,480 recently accepted taxa and their nativity status were examined.
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The first synthesis of the alien flora of Albania is presented here. In order to be able to compare with other published studies, the categories of the aliens are described using widely accepted terms. However, additional terms are also introduced in the text. Altogether, 196 alien species occur outside cultivation, including 81 naturalised and 16 partly naturalised weeds, 11 remnants of the former cultivation, nine old and 38 new casuals, 41 presumably extinct aliens and no invasives. Some authors regarded 25 native species incorrectly as aliens and nine alien species were erroneously documented as members of the Albanian flora. The changes of the alien flora of Albania differ consid-erably from that of most European countries, and the actual proportion of aliens in the Albanian flora is the lowest in Europe. The low number of aliens, the lack of invasives and the relatively low frequency of aliens in Albania are the consequences of the long-term seclusion of the country during the 20th century, and the low level of economic development, the extended land use and also the fact that aliens have been present only for quite a short time in the flora. All recent social and economic changes facilitate the establishment and spread of aliens in the country, especially in the lowlands.
Subalpine beech stands with Hairy Alpenrose (rhododendron hirsutum) were phytosociologically studied on Mt. Snežnik (dinaric Mts). They thrived on stony and steep slopes of northern exposure. Comparisons with other subalpine Beech stands (Polysticho lonchitis-Fagetum s. lat.), dinaric Fir-Beech stands with Hairy Alpenrose (omphalodo-Fagetum s. lat. rhododendretosum hirsuti), and prealpine fir-beech stands with Hairy Alpenrose (Homogyno sylvestris-Fagetum s. lat. rhododendretosum hirsuti), stands of Hairy Alpenrose and Beech (rhododendro hirsuti-Fagetum s. lat.), as well as Austrian subalpine beech stands (saxifrago rotundifoliae-Fagetum s. lat.) showed their unique floristical composition due to ecological conditions, and thus distinct syntaxonomical position within the association Polysticho-Fagetum. Therefore, a new subassociation Polysticho-Fagetum rhododendretosum hirsuti subass. nova was described, and -as differential species for the subassociation -rhododendron hirsutum, rubus saxatilis, rosa pendulina, and Clematis alpina were chosen. Key words: dinaric Mts, Mt. Snežnik, dinaric Mts, Mt. Snežnik, Polysticho-Fagetum, subalpine beech forest, rhododendron hirsutum, vegetation
IzvlečekPrispevek podaja fitocenološko oznako subalpinskega bukovega gozda (Polysticho lonchitis-Fagetum) z dlakavim slečem (rhododendron hirsutum) na Snežniku. obravnavani sestoji uspevajo na kamnitih in/ali skalnatih ter strmih pobočjih severnih ekspozicij. Primerjave z ostalimi subalpinskimi bukovimi ter (jelovo-)bukovimi sestoji z dlakavim slečem (omphalodo-Fagetum rhododendretosum hirsuti, Homogyno sylvestris rhododendretosum hirsuti, rhododendro-Fagetum) ter subalpinskimi bukovji iz Avstrije (saxifrago rotundifolii-Fagetum) so pokazale njihov poseben sintaksonomski položaj v okviru asociacije Polysticho-Fagetum. Zato smo te sestoje uvrstili v novo subasociacijo Polysticho-Fagetum rhododendretosum hirsuti subass. nova, za razlikovalnice pa izbrali vrste rhododendron hirsutum, rubus saxatilis, rosa pendulina in Clematis alpina.
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We aimed to clarify the taxonomic position of the poorly known Scilla albanica, described Albania ca 80 years ago in which completely fell into oblivion because of the lack of any confirming records of the taxon. Morphological, cytological and ecological comparisons with supposedly related taxa are presented based on collected living and herbarium material, on type material, and by using previously published results. Our studies concluded that S. albanica is a distinct species with remarkable morphological differences with regards to related taxa. The chromosome number of S. albanica is 2n = 20. Unlike related taxa, all occurring on limestone, S. albanica is restricted to serpentine bedrock in northeastern Albania, without any known occurrences on other substrates and with a very limited distribution range, but showing large population sizes and occurring in a wide range of habitats. According to our results, four species previously assigned to the Scilla litardierei complex can be distinguished in the Balkan Peninsula: Scilla albanica, S. lakusicii, S. litardierei and S. messeniaca.
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