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The purpose of this study was to develop a publicly available, psychometrically sound item bank and short forms for measuring resilience in any population, but especially resilience in individuals with chronic medical conditions or long-term disability. Research Methods: A panel of 9 experts including disability researchers, clinical psychologists, and health outcomes researchers developed a definition of resilience that guided item development. The rigorous methodology used focus groups, cognitive interviews, and modern psychometric theory quantitative methods, including item response theory (IRT). Items were administered to a sample of people with chronic medical conditions commonly associated with disability (N ϭ 1,457) and to a general population sample (N ϭ 300) representative of the Unites States general population with respect to age, gender, race, and ethnicity. Results: The final item bank includes 28 items calibrated to IRT with the scores on a T-metric. A mean of 50 represents the mean resilience in the general population sample. Four and eight item short forms are available, and their scores are highly correlated with the item bank score (r Ն .94). Reliability is excellent across most of the resilience continuum. Initial analyses provide strong support for validity of the score. Conclusions: The findings support reliability and validity of the University of Washington Resilience Scale (UWRS) for assessing resilience in any population, including individuals with chronic health conditions or disabilities. It can be administered using computerized adaptive testing or by short forms. Impact and ImplicationsThis study describes the development and psychometric properties of the first resilience measure using stakeholder engagement to define the construct as well as modern psychometric methods, including item response theory (IRT). The UWRS has significant potential to advance both practice and research through its range of uses. It offers flexibility to use computerized adaptive testing or short forms, reducing respondent burden. It is suitable for assessing resilience in the general population as well as people with chronic health conditions or disability. The UWRS is also freely available, which facilitates its use in both research and clinical practice. Use of this psychometrically sound, person-centered, brief, flexible, and free resilience instrument will facilitate observational and intervention research, as well as research comparing resilience across populations and studies.

Background There is a lack of health promotion programming designed to change the physical activity environment of the group home setting. The Menu‐Choice programme assists staff in creating physical activity goals alongside residents with intellectual disabilities and provides strategies to incorporate activity into the group home schedule. The purpose of this study was to complete a process evaluation of Menu‐Choice utilizing qualitative methods. Methods Twelve participants, who completed a 10‐week pilot intervention (n = 7 staff, mean age 42; n = 5 residents, mean age 52), participated in face‐to‐face interviews. Participants represented five group home sites involved in the intervention. Results Meta‐themes included: (i) Programme training, (ii) Programme implementation, (iii) Programme physical activity, (iv) Programme barriers, (v) Programme facilitators and (vi) Programme feedback. Conclusions Changes in programme training and simplified programme materials are needed to accommodate identified barriers for implementation. The importance of obtaining increased agency support and policy change is highlighted.

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