A comunidade de abelhas nativas em uma área de mata atlântica no sul do Brasil foi estudada no período 2001-2003, utilizando-se rede entomológica em plantas floridas. Foram amostrados 1.519 indivíduos de 80 espécies e 4 subfamílias de abelhas. Houve predomínio de espécies de Apinae não corbiculadas e Halictinae e de indivíduos de Apinae corbiculados e Halictinae. As plantas associadas totalizaram 124 espécies de 46 famílias, das quais as mais visitadas foram Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae e Melastomataceae. Foram amostradas 11 espécies de abelhas não assinaladas para Santa Catarina. As abelhas mais amostradas foram Apis mellifera, Trigona spinipes, Bombus morio, Dialictus sp., Augochloropsis sp. 07, Trigona braueri, Augochlora (Oxystoglossella) sp. 05 e Tetragonisca angustula. A quantidade de indivíduos amostrados por mês, ao longo do período de coleta, evidencia um padrão bivoltino (maio e setembro-novembro). Algumas espécies de plantas foram visitadas apenas por Apis mellifera. Os índices de diversidade e equabilidade ficaram em 2,315 e 0,528, respectivamente. A curva de acumulação mostrou-se crescente. Os estimadores de riqueza apontam mais espécies. A riqueza e a abundância evidenciam um padrão de atividade de clima temperado. A composição da apifauna demonstrou maior similaridade com formação de floresta ombrófila densa de terras baixas.

Abstract

The apifauna of an araucaria forest in southern Brazil was studied during 2001 -2003, using entomological nets on flowering plants. A total of 2,749 individuals were sampled from five subfamilies and 93 species of bees. A total of 82 species with up to 10 individuals were sampled and 29 species had no distribution for Santa Catarina. Non-corbiculate Apidae and Halictidae species predominated as well as individuals of corbiculate Apidae and Halictidae. There was a decrease in species richness in cold seasons, being then sampled only Augochloropsis sp. 01, Augochloropsis sp. 10, Exomalopsis tomentosa, Neocorynura aenigma, Paroxystoglossa brachycera, Trigona spinipes and Apis mellifera. A bivoltine pattern was noticed, with a peak in May and in September-November, for richness and abundance. Ecological indexes over the months were different with and without A. mellifera. The bee accumulation curve remained in elevation until the end of sampling. The richness estimators indicated values of 142 and 175 species. The bee species were sampled on 125 species of plants of 40 famillies and the most visited were Asteraceae, Fabaceae/Solanaceae, Euphorbiaceae/Lamiaceae, Malvaceae/Rosaceae and Commelinaceae/Cucurbitaceae/ Liliaceae/Verbenaceae. A total of 48 species of plants characteristics of araucaria forests were sampled. Keywords: Apifauna; biodiversity; community study; Santa Catarina; species richness; survey. RESUMO

Aiming to verify the nesting pattern of solitary bee species, a study was performed (October 2012 to March 2013 in Joinville, SC, southern Brazil, along a brick wall. There were found the following species Melitoma segmentaria (Emphorini), Caenohalictus incertus (Halictini) and Leiopodus lacertinus (Protepeolini). 147 nests showed activity in the sampling period , com distância média de 12,22 centímetros entre eles; destes 17 ninhos entre o solo e 90 cm de altura, estando agregados (R = 0,004, p <0,02). A abertura dos ninhos possuía, em média, 0,9 centímetro de diâmetro (n = 29); dois deles com uma torre de barro na entrada (0,6 cm de altura), de parede interna lisa e externa, áspera. Para C. incertus, 118 ninhos ativos foram achados (densidade 18,43/ m 2 ), com distância média de 8,18 centímetros entre eles; destes 98 ninhos entre o solo e 70 cm de altura, estando agregados (R = 0,066, p <0,09). Indivíduos de L. lacertinus foram verificados em todos os dias de observações, na entrada de ninhos de M. segmentaria. Anthrax cf. virgo emergiu de ninhos de M. segmentaria.

Le peuplement d'abeilles et la flore associée en forêt pluviale de plaine et en mangrove dans le sud du Brésil.-Ce travail propose une première caractérisation de la biodiversité de l'apifaune (groupe des apiformes) et de la flore dans une zone protégée du sud du Brésil. Notamment, nous avons observé les interactions entre abeilles et fleurs dans les deux biotopes de la zone, la plaine côtière et la mangrove. Pour cela nous avons échantillonné les abeilles par des captures au filet entomologique et des piégeages dans des coupelles colorées. Nous avons dénombré 60 espèces d'abeilles appartenant aux familles Apidae, Megachilidae et Halictidae. La courbe de raréfaction des espèces d'abeilles s´est maintenue en hausse et les estimateurs de richesse montrent 84 et 104 espèces potentielles. Les familles Colletidae et Andrenidae n´ont pas été rencontrées. Des espèces d'abeilles cleptoparasites ont été collectées: Leiopodus lacertinus (Protepeolini), Sphecodes sp. (Halictini) et Coelioxys sp. (Megachilini). Des nids de Trigona braueri, Tetragonisca angustula, Oxytrigona tataíra, Plebeia saiqui (Meliponini), Euglossa iopoecila (Euglossini) et Melitoma segmentaria (Emphorini) ont été trouvés dans les arbres. Une espèce d'abeille de distribution restreinte, Euglossa anodorhynchi (Euglossini) et une nouvelle occurrence, Paroxystoglossa brachycera (Augochlorini), ont été recensées. L'apifaune est très similaire (coefficient de similarité) à celles déjà notées pour d'autres plaines côtières de la région. Les abeilles ont visité 49 espèces de plantes de 28 familles, spécialement Asteraceae, Convolvulaceae et Anacardiaceae. Des interactions d'abeilles ont été vérifiées avec des espèces botaniques de mangrove : Avicennia schaueriana Stapf & Leechm. ex Moldenke (Acanthaceae), Laguncularia racemosa (L.) CFGaertn. (Combretaceae) et Talipariti pernambucense Arruda (Bovini) (Malvaceae).SUMMARY.-The present paper is a first characterization of apifauna richness in relation to flora in a protected area in southern Brazil. For that bee-plant interactions were observed in the two main habitats of the area: coastal plain and mangrove. Bees were sampled with entomological nets and pan traps. The survey resulted in 60 species of the families Apidae, Megachilidae and Halictidae. The bee species sampling sufficiency curve remained on the rise and the richness estimators showed 84 and 104 potential species. Colletidae and Andrenidae families were not found. Cleptoparasites bee species were sampled: Leiopodus lacertinus (Protepeolini), Sphecodes sp. (Halictini) and Coelioxys sp. (Megachilini). Nests of Trigona braueri, Tetragonisca angustula, Oxytrigona tataíra, Plebeia saiqui (Meliponini), Euglossa iopoecila (Euglossini) and Melitoma segmentaria (Emphorini) were found in trees. A bee species with restricted distribution, Euglossa anodorhynchi (Euglossini) and a new occurrence, Paroxystoglossa brachycera (Halictidae, Augochlorini), were found. Bee fauna was very similar (coefficient of similarity) to that of other coastal plain environments in t...