One of the objectives of this article is to study how innovation influences the results of entrepreneurs located in business incubators. The other objective is to examine how the training of entrepreneurs contributes to creating companies with high sustainability rates over time that are wealth generators in society. To achieve these objectives, entrepreneurs in business incubators in Spain were identified along with their level of training, their experience in business management, how much employment they have generated, their survival rate and the annual accounts (where economic, financial, and management information on the companies is collected). In turn, they were sent a questionnaire that allowed us to classify them by their degree of innovation. The techniques used are independent sample statistics that apply the Levene’s test, the analysis of the balance sheet, the income statements, and management indicators. This study concludes that, from the selected sample, 83.3% of the entrepreneurs established in business incubators in Spain have university training, and 64.2% prefer the branches of science, with 7.75 years of business experience, which favors business survival (100% in the seventh year of life) and the creation of qualified employment. All this favors the sustainability of the productive and business model which, being more intensive in knowledge and R&D, becomes more competitive in the market. On the other hand, there are no significant differences regarding the economic results, nor in the management indicators among the entrepreneurs of the incubators according to their degree of innovation. The value of research lies in the importance of studies on the relationship between innovation, training, and wealth-generating sustainability in incubators in today’s knowledge economy.
Este artículo pretende conocer el perfil de las empresas más atractivas para el desempeño profesional en España a través de las variables Formación y Gestión del Talento, en relación con otras variables objetivas como: actividad económica; nacionalidad; ubicación geográfica; tamaño y cotización en bolsa. Las técnicas de análisis estadístico empleadas han sido: regresiones lineales múltiples mediante mínimos cuadrados ordinarios, correlaciones de Pearson, varianzas unifactoriales con el test de Levene, promedios y ponderaciones. No se obtiene un perfil único para ambas variables. Por un lado, la Formación alcanza mayores valores en actividades sanitarias en las empresas del área mediterránea ubicadas en la zona norte de España; y son grandes organizaciones que cotizan en el mercado bursátil; son estas dos últimas variables relevantes estadísticamente. En cambio, en la Gestión del Talento los mayores valores se encuentran en el sector profesional, científico y técnico, en las empresas anglosajonas ubicadas en el centro de España, en la que predominan las grandes compañías que cotizan en bolsa; esta última variable es relevante estadísticamente.
Recibido: 31 de xaneiro de 2012 Aceptado: 7 de maio de 2012 Resumo: Nun contexto socioeconómico como o actual onde a crise económica, a inestabilidade financeira e a desconfianza política dominan os mercados financeiros, estes reduciron ao mínimo o seu fluxo de crédito cara ao sistema produtivo. Este feito levou a que a necesidade de crédito privada crecese de forma exponencial non só para atender o investimento, senón tamén para garantir o normal funcionamento do ciclo de explotación. En consecuencia, o recurso ao financiamento público convértese nunha urxencia sen a cal o acceso ao crédito por parte das empresas se vería practicamente anulado. Dentro do marco que regula o financiamento público en España, o Instituto de Crédito Oficial (ICO) desempeña un papel transcendente -no ano 2011 financiou máis dun 40% do financiamento público total e dun 65% no caso da Administración Central-. Non é posible entender o investimento produtivo á marxe da acción deste Instituto debido á súa oferta de fondos en condicións preferentes. Porén, malia o beneficio que supón acudir ao financiamento do ICO, este non chega ao beneficiario último -a empresa-coa rapidez e a eficiencia desexadas. Por iso, debemos analizar e revisar permanentemente a forma en que este Instituto comercializa e xestiona a súa actividade de mediación financeira. Palabras clave: Crédito / Investimento / Mediación / Mercados / Tipo de xuro. THE ICO: PUBLIC FUNDS FINANCING IN TIMES OF CRISIS Abstract:In the present socioeconomic context where the economic crisis, the financial instability and the political distrust dominate financial markets , the flow of credit to the productive system has been reduced to the minimum. The need for private credit was growing exponentially, not only in order to favour investment, but also to guarantee the normal functioning of the cycle of exploitation. As consequence, public financing turns into an urgenc. Without it, access to credit by firms would be practically annulled. Within the frame that regulates public financing in Spain, is the Institute of Official Credit (ICO) who plays a significant role, (provides more than 40 % of the public total financing and of 65 % in case of the Central Administration, in 2011), It is not possible to understand the productive investment without taking into consideration the action of the Institute, which offers its funds on preferential conditions. However, in spite of the advantage that represents obtaining financing from ICO, it does not reach swiftly the final beneficiary (the firm) with the necessary efficiency. We must then analyse and check permanently the way in which the Institute commercializes and manages its activity of financial mediation.
Background: The objective of this article is to analyse if there are significant relationships between the most valuable companies operating in Spain regarding professional performance, according to nationality and location within their Autonomous Communities or any superior aggrupation. To do that, a sample of 100 companies has been selected. Methods: The methodology followed is based on the selection of the 100 highestvalued companies from the point of view of Human Resources’ policy for the period 2013-2016 and through the measurement of six factors: Talent Management, Retribution, Work environment, CSR, Training and Employees’ perception, and classified by nationality and location. The study was based on 12 hypotheses, using the Unifactorial Variance’s Analysis, Pearson correlations and regressions. One limitation could be the fact that this study refers to a particular period, focusing on Spain and the variables mentioned, based on questionnaires. The added value of this work lies on the newness as it has a quantitative character, and on the fact that most of the hypotheses do not comply. Results and Conclusion: This allows to deny certain beliefs that affirm that European and American companies operating in Spain are more attractive than the Spanish or the Mediterranean ones.
The objective of this paper is the analysis of the List of Job Posts (RPT in Spanish), an instrument used by public administrations and quite demanded by local entities whose aim is to define the tasks and conditions of each work post and to order the organizational structure of the personnel within the public sector. Every elaboration of a RPT starts with a description of the job posts, which means to make a detailed exposition of the characteristics inherent in them. To do that, we will use the technic of report and interview as instrument of collection and verification of data; followed by the technical and economic valuation of the job posts to establish the specific complement perceived by each one’s performance.The main result is the great utility of the RPT,which allows to improve the organizational efficacy of the Public Administrationand solve conflicts among the staff. The main limitations appear in the difficulty of having a consensus about a RPT as the expectations of the interested are not always satisfied making the process of negotiation more complex, getting to the point of no approval. The main contributions of this article are the review of the theoretical framework of the RPT, not studied deeply in the academic field, and the exposition of a methodology that allows to modernize its implementation, valuing the job posts technical and economically through objective factors reducing arbitrariness and repairing historical anomalies based on subjective criteria.
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