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The composition of six essential oil samples, obtained by steam distillation of twigs of spike lavender (Lavandula latifolia Med.) harvested in three different locations from southern Spain during the full flowering and fruiting phenological stages, has been analyzed by capillary GC and GC/MS in combination with retention indices. Yields of the oils during flowering (1.5-2.2%) were 2.5-7 times higher than during fruiting (0.3-0.6%). Among the 56 identified constituents (accounting for 96.0-97.5% of the oils), the main and characteristic components were linalool (27.2-43.1%), 1,8-cineole (28.0-34.9%), camphor (10.8-23.2%), borneol (0.9-3.6%), β-pinene (0.8-2.6%), (E)-α-bisabolene (0.5-2.3%), α-pinene (0.6-1.9%), β-caryophyllene (0.5-1.9%), α-terpineol (0.8-1.6%), sabinene (0.3-0.8%), myrcene (0.3-0.8%), camphene (0.4-0.6%), terpinen-4-ol (0.3-0.5%) and limonene (0.2-0.9%). The volatile chemical composition and oil production of both full flowering and fruiting plants allowed to assess the type and quality of the spike lavender oils processed in the studied area.
The nucleophilic substitution of 2‐mefhoxy groups in pyrimidine derivatives was strongly activated by introduction of a 5‐nitroso group on to the pyrimidine ring. The aminolysis of several 2‐methoxy‐5‐nitrosopyrimidine derivatives was performed at room temperature in hydroxylic as well as in non‐hydroxylic media with different primary amines in short time and good yields. The aminolysed substrates include 6‐[(per‐O‐acetyl)glycosyl]aminopyrimidines which afforded the corresponding 2‐aminopyrimidines without harming the acetyl protecting groups of the sugar moiety.
A detailed examination of the synthesis of functionalized 6,11‐dihydro‐5H‐benzo[b]pyrimido[5,4‐f]azepines 4 is described. Base‐promoted aromatic nucleophilic substitution of 5‐allyl‐4,6‐dichloropyrimidines 1a–c with different N‐substituted anilines and indoline gave the corresponding aminolysis products 3a–p, which on acid‐promoted intramolecular Friedel–Crafts cyclization produced the target polysubstituted 6,11‐dihydro‐5H‐benzo[b]pyrimido[5,4‐f]azepines 4a–p in moderate to very high yields.
Several new 3-aryl-5-cyanopyrazolo [3,4-b]pyridines were easily prepared from 3-amino-5-arylpyrazoles and α-cyanochalcones. Structural analysis using NMR solution studies revealed the 2H-tautomers as the preferred tautomer in solution (DMSO-d 6 ). X-ray diffraction confirmed the 2H-tautomers as the unique tautomer species in the crystalline state as well. Geometry optimization of 1H and 2H-tautomers at semi-empirical levels (AM1, MINDO/3) were performed, indicating that in all cases the 2H-tautomers are more stable than the corresponding 1H-tautomers.
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