The pattern of health care utilization in Chile is consistent with policies implemented in the country and in the intended direction. The significant income inequality in the use of specialized and dental services, which favor the rich, deserves policy makers' attention and further investigation related to the quality of these services.
In this study, we measure the value of sanitary restrictions in terms of forgone profits. For this, we model the short‐run trade‐off between biosecurity and profits in the aquaculture industry. Incorporating the concept of “sanitary desirable volume (SDV)” for the salmon industry, we optimize a multiobjective model using base information from the Los Lagos region in Chile and identify a Pareto frontier. Within this setting, we analyze the shadow price of one objective in terms of the other, the effect of changes in the administrative regulations that limit fish density in the farms and the effect of prices on the Pareto frontier. We find that the effect of sanitary restrictions in terms of forgone profits is quantitatively important and that this effect is dependent on both the level of sanitary restrictions and the relative product prices. This has important implications for the design of sanitary restrictions in aquaculture. The level of the SDV should be determined carefully to avoid costly excess regulation. Moreover, market conditions can also affect the optimal level of regulation.
We study the development of aquaculture activities in Chile and the impacts of regulatory changes on location decision for aquaculture production centers. Our study considers a descriptive analysis on the spatial and temporal development of aquaculture production centers. Next, using a panel data we estimate a site selection model to explore determinant factors of site choices for aquaculture production. Our results suggest a clear pattern for the spatial-temporal development of Chilean aquaculture. The pattern is characterized by a movement of the production centers towards the south of Chilean Patagonia, changing the concentration of the production activities from Puerto Montt to the southern region of Chiloé Island. The estimation of a model of site selection suggests that the distance between production centers and the presence of centers devoted to the production of the same species are relevant in explaining the movement of the production activities towards the southern region. The regulatory changes seem to be important determinant factors for the observed spatial and temporal pattern of development of the aquaculture industry in the country.
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