Neither syringe injection nor PUI methods were efficient in removing the inter-appointment root canal medicaments. Remnants of medicament were found in all experimental groups regardless of the vehicle used.
Many years after surgical correction, a complete unilateral or bilateral cleft is inclined to show an inaesthetism often associated with functional defects. This sequela disturbs the facial growth during childhood. Across the world, each surgical school uses its own protocol, but which is the best surgical protocol for patients with cleft? The aim of this study was to present a review of international literature concerning surgical techniques for the repair of cleft lip and palate (CLP) in children and to report our personal surgical techniques in this field. We focus on the main role of the primary surgery and propose a personalized protocol therapy, depending on the severity of the cleft. On 36 patients, most of them showed unilateral CLP at birth; only 4 showed bilateral cleft. In this study, we used 36 patients without cleft but with class I occlusion for comparison purposes. Analysis of the 2 groups regarding the development of the maxillary arch and the evaluation of palatal morphology was carried out using lateral cephalograms and dental casts. The main result showed 28 patients with acceptable teeth occlusion and speech quality, a valid nasal function, and a proper aesthetic aspect. Controversy still exists regarding the optimum timing and surgical technique for CLP repair. We propose the creation of a scientific database on internationally recognized protocol as a starting point depending on the severity of the cleft, thus avoiding controversies in CLP therapeutic treatment.
This report describes the case of a 9-year-old girl affected by fetal alcohol syndrome who presented at birth with blepharophimosis and a cleft palate, which was submitted to surgery. She was referred to our hospital for a visual acuity reduction, where a diagnosis of keratoconus was made. This case highlights the rarity of the association between fetal alcohol syndrome and cleft palate and the previously unreported association involving fetal alcohol syndrome-keratoconus and cleft palate-keratoconus.
To reduce the recurrence of arterio-venous malformations, the multidisciplinary therapy is mandatory. Recent advances in microsurgery and interventional radiology have greatly improved prognosis for patients with arterio-venous malformations. Therefore, a preoperative selective embolization followed by surgical excision seems to be a good compromise for arterio-venous malformations therapy. The forehead flap, for its characteristics, represents the better choice for nasal reconstruction.
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