An easy and cheap way of staining the arterial supply of the face: A preclinical study of visualization of facial vascular territories in human cadavers

F, Manna; Guarneri, Gianni Franco; Camilot, Marcello D.E. Re; Parodi, Pier Camillo

doi:10.1016/j.jcms.2009.04.004

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…Although not all trainees had prior conventional cadaveric experience, fresh cadavers promote gross anatomical learning [20, 21, 34] and help trainees develop an insight into technical procedural steps [20, 33]. The injection of vessels with gelatine provides a more precise interpretation of the fine vascular of a given flap [36–38]. The contrast between vessels and perivascular tissue in the injected model allows for easy differentiation and tracing of perforators to promote an exact knowledge of flap anatomy essential for flap design and elevation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The contrast between vessels and perivascular tissue in the injected model allows for easy differentiation and tracing of perforators to promote an exact knowledge of flap anatomy essential for flap design and elevation. Furthermore, the use of gelatine optimises the dexterity required for dissection by providing vessels with the structural integrity and visual cues required to facilitate perivascular dissection [38]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An enhanced fresh cadaveric model for reconstructive microsurgery training

et al. 2018

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BackgroundPerforming microsurgery requires a breadth and depth of experience that has arguably been reduced as result of diminishing operating exposure. Fresh frozen cadavers provide similar tissue handling to real-time operating; however, the bloodless condition restricts the realism of the simulation. We describe a model to enhance flap surgery simulation, in conjunction with qualitative assessment.MethodsThe fresh frozen cadaveric limbs used in this study were acquired by the University. A perfused fresh cadaveric model was created using a gelatin and dye mixture in a specific injection protocol in order to increase the visibility and realism of perforating vessels, as well as major vessels. A questionnaire was distributed amongst 50 trainees in order to assess benefit of the model. Specifically, confidence, operative skills, and transferable procedural-based learning were assessed.ResultsTraining with this cadaveric model resulted in a statistically significant improvement in self-reported confidence (p < 0.005) and prepared trainees for unsupervised bench work (p < 0.005). Respondents felt that the injected model allowed easier identification of vessels and ultimately increased the similarity to real-time operating. Our analysis showed it cost £10.78 and took 30 min.ConclusionsPerfusion of cadaveric limbs is both cost- and time-effective, with significant improvement in training potential. The model is easily reproducible and could be a valuable resource in surgical training for several disciplines.Level of Evidence: Not ratable.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An enhanced fresh cadaveric model for reconstructive microsurgery training

et al. 2018

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“…Originally implemented in human cadavers, latex infusion of our cadaveric porcine DCEA flap model is a novel component for non-living animal simulation that has not been previously described. 20 21 Our technique utilizes the manual injection of the DCEA vessel after cannulation to allow pressure to fill small caliber, high-resistance vessels. We were able to consistently perfuse to the level of arteriole branches, contradicting other literature arguing that latex filling is suboptimal ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latex-Infused Porcine Abdominal Model: A Novel Microsurgery Simulator for Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Dissection

Shaffrey

Zeng

Nicksic

et al. 2023

J Reconstr Microsurg

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Background Perforator dissection and flap elevation are routinely performed for microsurgical reconstruction; however, there is a steep learning curve to mastering these technical skills. Though live porcine models have been utilized as a microsurgical training model, there are significant drawbacks that limit their use, including cost, limited ability for repetition, and obstacles associated with animal care. Here we describe the creation of a novel perforator dissection model using latex augmented non-living porcine abdominal walls. We provide anatomic measurements that demonstrate valuable similarities and differences to human anatomy to maximize microsurgical trainee practice. Methods Six latex-infused porcine abdomens were dissected based on the deep cranial epigastric artery (DCEA). Dissection was centered over the abdominal wall mid-segment between the second and fourth nipple line. Dissection steps included exposure of lateral and medial row perforators, incision of anterior rectus sheath with perforator dissection, and dissection of DCEA pedicle. DCEA pedicle and perforator measurements were compared with deep inferior epigastric artery (DIEA) data in the literature. Results An average of seven perforators were consistently identified within each flap. Assembly of the model was performed quickly and allowed for two training sessions per specimen. Porcine abdominal walls demonstrate similar DCEA pedicle (2.6 ± 0.21 mm) and perforator (1.0 ± 0.18 mm) size compared with a human's DIEA (2.7 ± 0.27 mm, 1.1 ± 0.85 mm). Conclusion The latex-infused porcine abdominal model is a novel, realistic simulation for perforator dissection practice for microsurgical trainees. Impact on resident comfort and confidence within a microsurgical training course is forthcoming.

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“…This procedure has become a viable option, with many successful cases around the world 1,4,7,8 . The applicability of composite tissue allotransplantation has been made possible by the establishment of microsurgical techniques, the recent advancement of immunosuppression regimes, by anatomical cadaver studies and development of experimental animal models [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%