The method described here is simple and cost-effective. Furthermore, up to 16 isolates may be tested on a single culture plate, thus it is a less labour-intensive and more economic technique than other reported phenotypic methods.

The prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacterial isolates is quite high in our bacterial population. On comparative evaluation of DDST and TDT in resistant isolates, TDT was found to be the better method, detecting ESBLs in 80% of isolates compared to 15% with DDST. A 19.9-kb plasmid was consistently present in all the screened isolates of E. coli and K. pneumoniae, and was inferred to encode cefoxitin and tetracycline resistance based on curing and transconjugation experiments.

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Objective To determine the denture hygiene habits in complete denture patients according to their age and time of dentures. Methods In this study a self administered structured was developed to know the attitude of the patients regarding denture hygiene in the department of Prosthodontics. The total study sample consisted of 230 subjects including 124 (53.9%) males and 106 (46.1%) females. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 15.0 with chi-square test at p-value <0.05. Results Nearly half of the subjects clean their dentures daily once. Participants from the younger age group and who had been wearing dentures since 2 years maintain better frequency of cleaning. The majority of these subjects used water and brush for denture cleansing. After seeing the condition, half of the dentures were rated as good 50.3%, followed by fair and poor as 29.5 and 20.2% respectively. Clinical significance Poor condition of complete dentures seen in the population is mainly due to irregularly cleansing habits and also less usage of cleansing solutions. Dentists should give proper instructions regarding maintenance of denture hygiene. How to cite this article Apratim A, Shah SS, Sinha M, Agrawal M, Chhaparia N, Abubakkar A. Denture Hygiene Habits among Elderly Patients Wearing Complete Dentures. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(6):1161-1164.

ABSTRACT.Purpose: We investigated the immunohistochemical characteristics of corneal specimens in congenital aniridia and pemphigoid using various corneal markers to determine the status of the corneal epithelium. Methods: Conjunctivalization was clinically suspected in all corneas. Ten aniridia and seven pemphigoid paraffin-embedded corneal specimens were stained with periodic Schiff reagent (PAS) and antibodies against CK3 ⁄ 12, CK12, CK19, breast cancer resistance protein 1 (BCRP) and p63. Results: Aniridia: six cases contained goblet cells, four were negative. Both groups had cases with (three of six; one of four) and without CK19 positivity and cases with (two of six; three of four) and without p63 positivity. All aniridia cases except two in the goblet cell group were CK3 ⁄ 12-and CK12-positive and BCRP-negative. Pemphigoid: only one of the seven cases contained goblet cells. This case stained positively for CK19, 3 ⁄ 12, 12 and p63 and negatively for BCRP. The other six cases were positive for CK3 ⁄ 12, five of which were positive for CK12; only one case was CK19-positive. Three cases were p63-positive and two BCRP-positive. The CK12 staining was heterogenous in most cases and was often found in the superficial layer. Conclusion: Three different stages of epithelial characteristics were found in congenital aniridia and pemphigoid: (i) CK19-negative and inhomogenous CK12-positive cases indicating epithelium mainly from (partly) CK12-deficient limbal stem cells; (ii) CK19-and ⁄ or goblet cell-positive and CK12-positive cases with their epithelia originating from CK12-deficient limbal stem cells and from incursing conjunctival cells; and (iii) CK19-positive and CK12-negative cases consisting of conjunctival cells alone.

It is believed that Transforming Care at the Bedside (TCAB) has improved nursing care and nurses' satisfaction. Yet there may also be financial benefits to TCAB. This study estimates the net benefits of implementing TCAB by using data from the original 10 TCAB hospitals. The analysis indicates that, on an average, TCAB units had fewer patient falls with harm and less RN turnover and overtime compared with other hospitals in the United States. Financial benefits calculated from these outcomes were $847 861 per unit from 2004 to 2007. Estimates of costs of TCAB averaged $222 258 per unit. The net benefit per unit was $625 603.

Purpose: To study the clinico-microbiological profile and evaluate the functional and anatomical outcomes of pediatric post-traumatic endophthalmitis (PPTE). Methods: This was a retrospective interventional case series. All medical case records of patients diagnosed with PPTE over a 5-year period from January 2011 to December2015 were reviewed. Data recorded was: age, sex, type of trauma, mode of injury, interval between trauma and presentation, treatment, follow-up duration and final functional and anatomical outcomes. Results: Forty-one eyes of 41 patients diagnosed with PPTE met the inclusion criteria. There were 26 boys and 15 girls. The mean age at the time of presentation was 7.34 years (1month -16years). The median interval between trauma and presentation was 3 days (mean = 13.71 days; 1-240 days). The average follow-up period was 292.24 days (median 150 days; 30 1440 days). Injury with wooden stick (20,50%) was the most common mode of injury. Culture positivity was noted in 25(61%) cases. Staphylococcusaureus was the most common organisms identified on culture. Univariate analysis of in dependent variables was done using the Chi-square test showed patients with positive culture for gram-positive organisms had better anatomical (p=0.038) and functional outcomes (p=0.043). 35(85%) patients underwent vitrectomy along with intraocular antibiotics. Optimal anatomical and functional outcomes were noted in 23(56.1%) and12(29.3%) respectively. Conclusion: PPTE carries a significantly poor prognosis in terms of ocular integrity and visual function. PPTE is common in boys and often caused by vegetative matter. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common organism seen in PPTE. Early presentation following trauma and identification of gram-positive organisms have a better prognosis.

ABSTRACT:The phenolic antioxidant, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), is added during polymer processing to protect polymers from oxidative degradation. Because of its high-volatility, it is susceptible to loss through volatilization in high-temperature processing. Cyclodextrin (CD) inclusion complexation (IC) with volatile compounds can prevent losses of volatile compounds, because of volatilization. In this study, BHT was successfully included in b-CD and its complex was confirmed using Wide-Angle X-ray Diffraction (WAXD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) films with BHT itself and BHT-b-CD-IC were produced on a pilot plant scale. After extrusion, it was found that 44 and 78% BHT was lost from the BHT-b-CD-IC LDPE and BHT LDPE films, respectively. Hence, the complex proved to be more efficient in preventing loss of BHT, because of encapsulation of volatile BHT. In addition, microscopy studies indicate that BHT-b-CD-IC LDPE film shows small aggregates, uniformly distributed in the LDPE matrix over a large range. The BHT efficiency of the complex in the film was measured using DSC for determining the oxidation induction time. The oxidation induction time (OIT time ) was 35 min for the BHT-b-CD-IC LDPE film as compared with 16 min and 26 min values of LDPE and BHT LDPE films, respectively. Hence, the encapsulation of BHT in b-CD maximizes the efficiency and stability to thermal degradation for BHT-b-CD-IC LDPE film. The viscoelastic behavior of the films was also studied using dynamic mechanical analysis. The results indicate increases in storage modulus (E l ) and loss modulus (E ll ) of the complex and a shift in the maxima of tan d (E ll /E l ) to lower temperature in the LDPE films processed with BHT, b-CD, and BHT-b-CD-IC.