Prevalent phenotypes and antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae at an Indian tertiary care hospital: plasmid-mediated cefoxitin resistance

Shahid, Mohammad; Malik, Abida; Akram, Mohammad; Agrawal, Lalit; Khan, Asad U.; Agrawal, Manisha

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2007.08.008

Cited by 29 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In the present study, we found bla TEM as the most prevalent ESBL gene followed by bla CTX-M . The high prevalence of these resistant genes is attributed to the irrational use of antibiotics in India since antibiotics are freely available over the counter in this country [9,10]. These resistance genes may freely disseminate to the vegetation-associated bacterial population during irrigation using sewage water, which is a common irrigation practice in India.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of beta-lactamase genes in clinical and food bacterial isolates in India

Shahid

Malik

Adil

et al. 2009

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Background: The present study aimed to determine the occurrence of human disease-causing enteric bacteria on raw vegetables, fruits, meats, and milk products sold in Indian markets. The study further aimed to analyze antibiotic resistance rates and the presence of bla CTX-M , bla TEM , bla SHV , and bla AmpC . Methodology: Twenty-three food-borne and 23 clinical isolates were compared for antibiotic resistance rates and the presence of bla CTX-M , bla TEM , bla SHV , and bla AmpC . Swabs were taken from unwashed and washed food items, as well as from some chopped food specimens, and inoculated on appropriate culture medium. Bacterial isolates were identified, antibiotic susceptibility was performed, and bla genes were detected by PCR. Results: Thirty-eight bacterial isolates were obtained from the food specimens, of which 36 (94.7%) were Gram-negative and two (5.3%) were Gram-positive bacterial species. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most prevalent (52.6%; 20/38) bacterial species isolated, followed by Citrobacter koseri (18.4%; 7/38). In food isolates, the majority of the isolates were resistant to gentamicin (33.3%) followed by amikacin (11.1%). Resistance to a third-generation cephalosporin was noticed in only 5.6% isolates. However, in clinical isolates, maximal resistance was noticed against third-generation cephalosporins followed by ofloxacin in 91.3% and 86.9% isolates, respectively, and resistance to gentamicin and amikacin was noticed in 78.3% and 52.2% isolates, respectively. The presence of bla CTX-M , bla TEM , bla SHV , and bla ampC in clinical isolates was noticed in 52.2%, 60.9%, 21.7%, and 43.5%, respectively. None of the isolates from food showed the presence of any of the above-cited genes. Conclusions: Probably bla genes have not yet disseminated to raw-food vegetation in India.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of beta-lactamase genes in clinical and food bacterial isolates in India

Shahid

Malik

Adil

et al. 2009

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…Plasmid analysis of the isolates harboring bla CTX-M was done by using the large-scale alkaline lysis method of Davis et al (4), as adopted in our previous studies (24,25). For demonstration of the presence of bla genes on plasmids, we adopted a direct approach by performing PCR utilizing the purified plasmids as templates.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Citrobacterspp. Simultaneously Harboringbla_CTX-M,bla_TEM,bla_SHV,bla_ampC, and Insertion Sequences IS26andorf513: an Evolutionary Phenomenon of Recent Concern for Antibiotic Resistance

Shahid

2010

J Clin Microbiol

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A collection of 40 confirmed isolates of Citrobacter spp., obtained from the culture of 5,732 clinical samples during 2006 to 2008, was studied for the presence of bla CTX-M , bla TEM , bla SHV , and bla ampC by monoplex and multiplex PCRs. These isolates were also looked at for the presence of insertion elements IS26 and orf513, which play an important role in the resistance gene pool. bla CTX-M , bla TEM , bla SHV , and bla ampC were noticed in 67.5%, 40%, 25%, and 40% of isolates, respectively. Sequencing for the specific CTX-M type revealed the presence of CTX-M-15-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL). sul1-type integrons were detected in 32.5% (13/40) of isolates, and a single plasmid of ca. ϳ22 kb was also noticed in all the isolates harboring bla genes. A total of 48.2% (13/27) of isolates harboring bla CTX-M alleles were found to carry IS26 elements and 53.4% (7/13) of isolates harboring the sul1-type integrons were found to carry orf513. Alarmingly, a few isolates simultaneously carried IS26 and orf513, reflecting the occurrence of complex evolution. All the Citrobacter isolates were noticed to produce an amplicon of 400 bp in an IS26 PCR, similar to that of the predominant UK CTX-M-15-producing Escherichia coli clone (clone A) and suggesting a probable genetic relatedness between the two, which could not be proved with British and Indian E. coli isolates in our earlier studies. Here, a first report is being presented describing the occurrence of bla CTX-M-15 in Indian Citrobacter spp. This is also the first report describing the simultaneous occurrence of bla TEM , bla SHV , and bla ampC along with bla CTX-M in class 1 integrons. The recent findings indicate that the genetic environment of bla CTX-M-15 has changed through the insertion of IS26 and orf513, although the consequences of these events remain uncertain. It perhaps also suggests a "turnover" of these mobile elements in the population over time.

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“…Pakistan has very high rate of the mortality and morbidity due to nosocomial infection primarily because of over-crowded hospitals with insufficient cleaning and disinfection [14][15][16]. Different studies across the world have proved that same antibiotic has different resistance or susceptibility pattern for different sites of infection.…”

Section: Antibiotic Resistance Pattern In Pakistanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella Species in Pakistan: A Brief Overview

M¹

2017

J Microb Biochem Technol

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Prevalent phenotypes and antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae at an Indian tertiary care hospital: plasmid-mediated cefoxitin resistance

Cited by 29 publications

References 20 publications

Comparison of beta-lactamase genes in clinical and food bacterial isolates in India

Comparison of beta-lactamase genes in clinical and food bacterial isolates in India

Citrobacterspp. Simultaneously Harboringbla_CTX-M,bla_TEM,bla_SHV,bla_ampC, and Insertion Sequences IS26andorf513: an Evolutionary Phenomenon of Recent Concern for Antibiotic Resistance

Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella Species in Pakistan: A Brief Overview

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Prevalent phenotypes and antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae at an Indian tertiary care hospital: plasmid-mediated cefoxitin resistance

Cited by 29 publications

References 20 publications

Comparison of beta-lactamase genes in clinical and food bacterial isolates in India

Comparison of beta-lactamase genes in clinical and food bacterial isolates in India

Citrobacterspp. Simultaneously HarboringblaCTX-M,blaTEM,blaSHV,blaampC, and Insertion Sequences IS26andorf513: an Evolutionary Phenomenon of Recent Concern for Antibiotic Resistance

Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella Species in Pakistan: A Brief Overview

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Citrobacterspp. Simultaneously Harboringbla_CTX-M,bla_TEM,bla_SHV,bla_ampC, and Insertion Sequences IS26andorf513: an Evolutionary Phenomenon of Recent Concern for Antibiotic Resistance