Introduction The provision of quality health care during the COVID-19 pandemic depends largely on the health of health care providers. However, healthcare providers as the frontline caregivers dealing with infected patients, are more vulnerable to mental health problems. Despite this fact, there is scarce information regarding the mental health impact of COVID-19 among frontline health care providers in South-West Ethiopia. Objective This study aimed to determine the levels and predictors of anxiety, depression, and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic among frontline healthcare providers in Gurage zonal public hospitals, Southwest Ethiopia, 2020. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 322 health care providers from November 10–25, 2020 in Gurage zonal health institutions. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. A pretested self -administered structured questionnaire was used as a data collection technique. The data were entered into the Epi-data version 3.01 and exported to SPSS version 25.0 for analysis. Both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (chi-square tests) were presented Bivariable and Multivariable logistic regression analyses were made to identify variables having a significant association with the dependent variables. Results The results of this study had shown that the overall prevalence of anxiety, depression and stress among health care providers during the COVID-19 pandemic was 36%, [95% CI = (30.7%- 41.3%)], 25.8% [95% CI = (21.1%- 30.4%)] and 31.4% [95% CI = (26.4%- 36.0%)] respectively. Age, Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR = 7.9], Educational status, [AOR = 3.2], low monthly income [AOR = 1.87], and presence of infected family members [AOR = 3.3] were statistically associated with anxiety. Besides this, gender, [AOR = 1.9], masters [AOR = 10.8], and degree holder [AOR = 2.2], living with spouse [AOR = 5.8], and family [AOR = 3.9], being pharmacists [AOR = 4.5], and physician [AOR = (0.19)], were found to be statistically significant predictors of depression among health care providers. Our study finding also showed that working at general [AOR = 4.8], and referral hospitals [AOR = 3.2], and low monthly income [AOR = 2.3] were found to be statistically significant predictors of stress among health care providers. Conclusion Based on our finding significant numbers of healthcare providers were suffered from anxiety, depression, and stress during the COVID-19 outbreak. So, the Government and other stakeholders should be involved and closely work and monitor the mental wellbeing of health care providers.

Introduction: Improving infant immunization coverage and timeliness is a key health policy objective in many developing countries such as Ethiopia. Despite this, full immunization coverage in Ethiopia becomes low with the concurrent significant burden of vaccine-preventable diseases among infants. A previously published study acknowledged that parental knowledge, attitude, and practice towards infant immunization are vital issues to improve coverage and influence uptake. Objective: To assess parents' knowledge, attitude, practice, and its associated factors regarding immunization of infants at Wadla Woreda, North East Ethiopia, 2019. Material and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was employed among 418 parents from March to April 2019 in Wadla Woreda, North East Ethiopia. A stratified sampling technique was used to approach the study subjects. An interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used. The collected data were cleaned, coded, and entered in EPI-Info 7.2 and transferred to SPSS version 25.0 for analysis. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify variables having a significant association with parental knowledge, attitude, and practice. Variables with a p-value of ≤0.05 and AOR with 95% CI were declared as having a statistically significant association during multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: In this study, 65.1%, 57.3%, and 55.3% of the parents had good knowledge, a favorable attitude, and good practice towards infant immunization, respectively. Parent's educational status (AOR=5.330), urban residency (AOR=2.788), favorable attitude (AOR=4.308) and got immunization service two-three times (AOR=3.227) and four-five times (AOR=2.254) were statistically associated with knowledge of parents. Parents who attend primary school [AOR=0.451) and secondary school [AOR=0.320), parents who were mothers of the child [AOR=3.813), and respondents who had good knowledge about infant immunization (AOR= 4.592) were significantly associated with a favorable parental attitude. Infant immunization practice was significantly associated with parental education who attend primary school (AOR=2.513), secondary school (AOR=2.546) and higher education (AOR=11.988), parents who had good knowledge of infant immunization (AOR= 4.206), and short waiting time (AOR=3.881). Conclusion and Recommendation:Parental KAP towards infant immunization was found to be lower than most of the study findings quoted in this study. Improving the knowledge, attitude, and practice of parents about immunization and vaccine-preventable diseases was recommended by providing health education and health promotion interventions.

Introduction Maintaining good glycemic control is the main therapeutic target for diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Nevertheless, due to complex factors, the majority of patients worldwide persist poorly controlled. Hence the study was conducted to determine the association of anthropometric measurement and other factors with glycemic control among type 2 DM patients. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 366 type 2 DM patients from October-1 to November 30/2019. Data were collected by a pre-tested structured questionnaire and data abstraction format. The collected data were edited in Epi-data-4.4.1.0 and exported to SPSS-25 for analysis. The degree of association was assessed using logistic regression analysis and expressed in terms of p value and odds ratio with a 95%CI. p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Purpose Platelet indices have been shown to be associated with complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the clinical relevance of platelet indices for assessing the risk of being microvascular complications among patients with DM is largely overlooked. Hence this study aimed to determine the association of platelet indices with microvascular complications among type 2 DM patients. Patients and Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 352 type 2 DM patients from April 1 to May 30/2019 at Debre Berhan Referral Hospital. Data were collected by interview, physical measurements, document review, and laboratory tests. Then the data were entered into Epi-data manager-4.4.1.0 and exported into SPSS-25 for analysis. Platelet indices were compared between participants with and without microvascular complications using an independent t -test. A logistic regression model was used to assess the association between microvascular complications and platelet indices. All inferences were considered statistically significant at P<0.05. Results One hundred seventeen (33.2%) of participants were suffering from at least one microvascular complications. The mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and platelet-large cell ratio (P-LCR) were significantly increased in DM patients with complications as compared to without complications (13.57±2.17fl vs. 11.76±1.93fl), (16.57±2.49fl vs. 14.97±2.41fl) and (28.09±7.58% vs. 24.19±6.46%), respectively (all are P˂0.001). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, MPV (AOR=1.68, 95% CI: 1.37–2.05), PDW (AOR=1.37, 95% CI: 1.15–1.63), P-LCR (AOR=1.07, 95% CI: 1.01–1.14), age (AOR=1.07, 95% CI: 1.01–1.12), and duration of DM (AOR=1.31, 95% CI: 1.18–1.46) were significantly associated with the presence of microvascular complications. Conclusion MPV, PDW, and P-LCR were significantly higher among type 2 DM patients with microvascular complications. This indicates that platelet indices can be used as prognostic markers of vascular complications and can be used as simple and cost-effective parameters to predict microvascular complications particularly in patients with old age and long duration of DM.

Objective Despite getting sufficient sleep being one of the most important things that we can do to keep our body and mind healthy, sleep deprivation has become a major public health concern. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sleep deprivation and its associated factors among students of the Institute of Health in Jimma University. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 10 to April 24 in 2019. Data were collected from 365 randomly selected participants and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS; version 23). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with sleep deprivation. The level of significance was declared at a P-value of <0.05. Results A total of 365 participants participated, with a response rate of 97.6%. The study findings showed that 60.8% of students had sleep deprivation and 68.2% had sleep latency. Health problems (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.91 [95% confidence interval {CI} = 1.01–3.58]), alcohol consumption [AOR = 0.42 (95% CI = 0.2–0.89)], cigarette smoking [AOR = 0.31 (95% CI = 0.09–0.93)], khat chewing [AOR = 0.47 (95% CI = 0.12–0.82)], use of an electronic device before bedtime [AOR = 5.26 (95% CI = 1.78–15.52)], and cumulative grade point average (CGPA) [AOR = 0.48 (95% CI = 0.27–0.83)] were significantly associated with sleep deprivation. Conclusions Sleep deprivation was common in the study area. This is mainly due to health problems, substance utilization, long-time use of an electronic device, and low CGPA. Therefore, a strategy and system should be established to limit substance use, enhance proper use of electronic devices, and create awareness on the impact of nonoptimal sleep.